Gardella Layne, Faulk JimBob
University of Tennessee- Nashville
Univ of Tennessee HSC Nashville
Understanding how to accurately and effectively diagnose acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a primary focus in hospitalized patients as the sequela of VTE, including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), are the most common preventable causes of hospital deaths, and their complications are a source of substantial long-term morbidity. Phlegmasia alba dolens (PAD), and phlegmasia cerulea dolens (PCD) are less frequently encountered complications along a spectrum of DVT with a high incidence of mortality and limb loss. Phlegmasia is a term that has been used to describe extreme cases of lower extremity DVT, which may progress to critical limb ischemia and potentially limb loss. Fabricius Hildanius first described this entity in the 16 century. Then, in 1938, Gregoire coined the term phlegmasia cerulea dolens, translating to “painful blue inflammation,” differentiating it from the more commonly seen phlegmasia alba dolens or “painful white inflammation.” PAD, also called “milk leg,” refers to the early stages of this process due to the compromise of arterial inflow secondary to the extensive clot burden. PCD is a more advanced progression and is a precursor to venous gangrene.
了解如何准确有效地诊断急性静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）仍然是住院患者的首要关注点，因为VTE的后遗症，包括深静脉血栓形成（DVT）和肺栓塞（PE），是医院死亡最常见的可预防原因，其并发症是长期严重发病的一个来源。股白肿（PAD）和股青肿（PCD）是DVT一系列并发症中较少见的情况，具有高死亡率和肢体丧失发生率。“Phlegmasia”一词用于描述下肢DVT的极端病例，可能进展为严重肢体缺血并可能导致肢体丧失。法布里修斯·希尔达纽斯在16世纪首次描述了这种病症。然后，在1938年，格雷瓜尔创造了“phlegmasia cerulea dolens”一词，意为“疼痛性蓝色炎症”，将其与更常见的股白肿或“疼痛性白色炎症”区分开来。PAD也称为“乳糜腿”，由于广泛血栓负荷导致动脉血流受损，指的是该过程的早期阶段。PCD是更晚期的进展，是静脉坏疽的先兆。
