Research Division of Functional Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, South Korea.
Research Division of Functional Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, South Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, KFRI School, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
Pharmacol Res. 2020 Nov;161:105252. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105252. Epub 2020 Oct 18.
Chronic stress can lead to depression due to elevated levels of stress hormones such as glucocorticoid. This is accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the brain, which can cause dendritic spine loss and atrophy in neurons, followed by memory loss. Dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) are naturally occurring polyphenolic antioxidant compounds in Arctium lappa extracts (AL). The effects of natural derivatives of cafferoylqunic acid on stress hormone-induced depressive behavior and their underlying mechanisms are uncertain. In the current study, we showed that diCQAs reduced depressive behaviors including memory loss in corticosterone (CORT) treated mice. The mechanism of anti-depressants of diCQAs is likely through reduction of ROS production by inhibiting the activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) type A and B in neurons and astrocytes. Among diCQAs, 3,4- and 3,5-diCQA significantly inhibited the activity of MAO enzymes followed by the reduction of ROS in neurons and astrocytes and also protected neuronal atrophy and synaptic transmission against stress hormone. These results suggest that 3,4- and 3,5-diCQAs effectively reduced depressive symptoms and inhibited ROS production to alleviate memory loss in stress hormone-induced depressive mice and hence, which provide some potential natural antidepressants.
慢性应激会导致抑郁，这是由于应激激素（如糖皮质激素）水平升高所致。这伴随着大脑中活性氧（ROS）水平的增加，这会导致神经元中的树突棘损失和萎缩，随后是记忆丧失。二咖啡酰奎宁酸（diCQAs）是牛蒡提取物（AL）中天然存在的多酚类抗氧化化合物。关于应激激素诱导的抑郁行为及其潜在机制的天然咖啡酰奎宁酸衍生物的影响尚不确定。在本研究中，我们表明二咖啡酰奎宁酸可减少包括皮质酮（CORT）处理小鼠记忆丧失在内的抑郁行为。二咖啡酰奎宁酸的抗抑郁作用机制可能是通过抑制神经元和星形胶质细胞中单胺氧化酶（MAO）A 和 B 的活性来减少 ROS 的产生。在二咖啡酰奎宁酸中，3,4-和 3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸显著抑制 MAO 酶的活性，随后减少神经元和星形胶质细胞中的 ROS，并保护神经元萎缩和突触传递免受应激激素的影响。这些结果表明，3,4-和 3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸可有效减轻抑郁症状并抑制 ROS 产生，从而缓解应激激素诱导的抑郁小鼠的记忆丧失，因此为提供了一些有潜力的天然抗抑郁药。
