Tanaka Yuki, Nakagami Tomoko, Oya Junko, Ukita-Shibasaki Chieri, Takehana Yuuka, Sasaki Satoshi, Babazono Tetsuya
Diabetes Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666 Japan.
Nutrition Department, International University of Health and Warfare Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba 286-0124 Japan.
Diabetol Int. 2020 Mar 17;11(4):360-367. doi: 10.1007/s13340-020-00430-0. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Dietary questionnaires have been used to ascertain food or nutritional intakes in many studies; however, the extent and characteristics of measurement errors in patients with diabetes have not been examined. This study examined the measurement errors from self-reported dietary history questionnaires (DHQ) in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fifty-nine patients with T2D underwent a 24-h urine collection and 3-day dietary record (DR), and completed the DHQ. Intakes of energy, protein, sodium, and potassium were calculated from the DHQ. The estimated energy intake was calculated from the DR, and estimated intakes of protein, sodium, and potassium were determined from the 24-h urine samples. Energy intake values from the DHQ were lower than those from the DR by 12.5% in men and by 14.6% in women, which was significant only in men. In women, protein intake values from the DHQ were 19% higher than those from the 24-h urine. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that energy intake ratio (DHQ/DR) was significantly negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) in both sexes and significantly positively associated with age only in women (all < 0.05). Protein intake ratio (DHQ/24-h urine) was positively associated with duration of diabetes only in men ( < 0.05); however, this relation disappeared in the multivariable model. No factors showed association with sodium or potassium intake ratio. The DHQ showed under-reporting of energy intake by approximately 15% in Japanese patients with T2D. This was associated with obesity in both sexes and with younger age in women.
在许多研究中，饮食问卷已被用于确定食物或营养摄入量；然而，糖尿病患者测量误差的程度和特征尚未得到研究。本研究调查了日本2型糖尿病（T2D）患者自我报告的饮食史问卷（DHQ）中的测量误差。59例T2D患者进行了24小时尿液收集和3天饮食记录（DR），并完成了DHQ。从DHQ中计算能量、蛋白质、钠和钾的摄入量。从DR中计算估计能量摄入量，并从24小时尿液样本中确定蛋白质、钠和钾的估计摄入量。DHQ得出的男性能量摄入量值比DR低12.5%，女性低14.6%，仅男性差异有统计学意义。在女性中，DHQ得出的蛋白质摄入量值比24小时尿液中的高19%。多变量线性回归分析显示，能量摄入比（DHQ/DR）在两性中均与体重指数（BMI）显著负相关，仅在女性中与年龄显著正相关（均P<0.05）。蛋白质摄入比（DHQ/24小时尿液）仅在男性中与糖尿病病程正相关（P<0.05）；然而，在多变量模型中这种关系消失了。没有因素显示与钠或钾摄入比有关。DHQ显示，日本T2D患者的能量摄入报告不足约15%。这与两性肥胖以及女性年龄较轻有关。
