Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute/Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute/Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Oct 27;76(17):1999-2010. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.08.058.
The emergence of a new coronavirus disease (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) has raised global concerns regarding the health and safety of a vulnerable population. Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) incites a profound inflammatory response leading to tissue injury and organ failure. COVID-19 is characterized by the bidirectional relationship between inflammation and thrombosis. The clinical syndrome is propelled by inflammation producing acute lung injury, large-vessel thrombosis, and in situ microthrombi that may contribute to organ failure. Myocardial injury is common, but true myocarditis is rare. Elderly patients, those with established cardiovascular disease, and mechanically ventilated patients face the highest mortality risk. Therapies for COVID-19 are evolving. The antiviral drug remdesivir, dexamethasone, transfusion of convalescent plasma, and use of antithrombotic therapy are promising. Most require additional prospective studies. Although most patients recover, those who survive severe illness may experience persistent physical and psychological disabilities.
一种新型冠状病毒病（2019 冠状病毒病[COVID-19]）的出现引起了全球对弱势人群健康和安全的关注。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染会引发严重的炎症反应，导致组织损伤和器官衰竭。COVID-19 的特征是炎症和血栓形成之间的双向关系。炎症会导致急性肺损伤、大血管血栓形成和原位微血栓形成，从而导致器官衰竭。心肌损伤很常见，但真正的心肌炎很少见。老年患者、有既定心血管疾病的患者和接受机械通气的患者面临着最高的死亡风险。COVID-19 的治疗方法正在不断发展。抗病毒药物瑞德西韦、地塞米松、恢复期血浆输注和抗血栓治疗有一定前景。但大多数方法都需要进一步的前瞻性研究。虽然大多数患者康复，但那些从重病中幸存下来的患者可能会经历持续的身体和心理残疾。
