Fikentscher R, Gudziol H, Roseburg B
Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen.
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1987 Jul;66(7):355-7.
The smell and taste disorders are defined in terms due to two principles - the type and site of lesion. The quantitative dysosmias (anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia) correspond to the quantitative dysgeusias (ageusia, hypogeusia, hypergeusia) and the qualitative dysosmias (parosmia, pseudo-osmia, phantosmia, agnosmia) correspond to the qualitative dysgeusias (parageusia, pseudogeusia, phantogeusia, agnogeusia). Due to the site of lesion we can differentiate between respiratory, epithelial, combined, neural, and central dysosmias as well as epithelial, neural, and central dysgeusias. Typical examples are demonstrated, denying other classifications and terms as not precisely enough or negligible ones.
嗅觉和味觉障碍是根据两个原则来定义的——病变的类型和部位。定量嗅觉障碍(嗅觉丧失、嗅觉减退、嗅觉过敏)与定量味觉障碍(味觉丧失、味觉减退、味觉过敏)相对应,而定性嗅觉障碍(嗅觉倒错、假嗅觉、嗅觉幻觉、失嗅症)与定性味觉障碍(味觉倒错、假味觉、味觉幻觉、失味症)相对应。根据病变部位,我们可以区分呼吸性、上皮性、混合性、神经性和中枢性嗅觉障碍以及上皮性、神经性和中枢性味觉障碍。文中展示了典型例子,否定了其他不够精确或可忽略不计的分类和术语。