Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 15;765:142757. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142757. Epub 2020 Oct 5.
A national-scale survey was conducted to investigate the distribution characteristic, polluted pathway and health risk of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in greenhouse and open-field soils in 20 regions across China. The total concentrations of eight OPPs ranged from 22.1 to 435 ng/g with a mean of 96.2 ng/g in greenhouses, and from 9.93 to 303 ng/g with a mean of 66.6 ng/g in open fields. Due to the intensive agricultural activities, the high residue of OPPs in greenhouse and open-field soils was found in the northeastern, northern and central areas. Furthermore, the effect of environmental factors (i.e. human activities, soil properties, heavy metals and microorganism) on OPPs were evaluated through the partial least squares path modeling. Apart from microorganisms, all the other factors affected the soil contamination of OPPs directly (p < 0.05), where the soil properties occupied the most important position (p < 0.01). In greenhouses, the highest correlation was observed in the relationship between human activities and soil properties, indicating that their combination was more likely to cause the contamination of OPPs in greenhouses indirectly. Moreover, the soil properties had the significant effect on the heavy metals in open fields (p < 0.05), suggesting that the residual OPPs in open fields was sensitive to interaction of these two factors. Although the hazard indexes in all soil samples were less than 1.0, the children were more susceptible to the non-cancer risks of OPPs in greenhouse. This study provided valuable information to understand the pollution status of OPPs in farmlands and protect the agroecological environment.
在中国 20 个地区进行了一项全国性调查，以研究温室和露天土壤中有机磷农药（OPPs）的分布特征、污染途径和健康风险。八种 OPPs 的总浓度范围为 22.1-435ng/g，温室中平均值为 96.2ng/g，露天中为 9.93-303ng/g，平均值为 66.6ng/g。由于农业活动密集，东北地区、北部地区和中部地区的温室和露天土壤中 OPPs 残留量较高。此外，通过偏最小二乘路径模型评估了环境因素（如人类活动、土壤特性、重金属和微生物）对 OPPs 的影响。除了微生物，所有其他因素都直接影响 OPPs 对土壤的污染（p<0.05），其中土壤特性占据最重要的位置（p<0.01）。在温室中，人类活动和土壤特性之间的关系最为密切，这表明它们的结合更有可能间接导致温室中 OPPs 的污染。此外，土壤特性对露天土壤中的重金属有显著影响（p<0.05），表明露天土壤中残留的 OPPs 对这两个因素的相互作用较为敏感。尽管所有土壤样本中的危害指数均小于 1.0，但儿童更容易受到温室中 OPPs 的非致癌风险的影响。本研究为了解农田中 OPPs 的污染状况和保护农业生态环境提供了有价值的信息。
