Bray Rodney A
Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2020 Jan 18;12:251-264. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.01.007. eCollection 2020 Aug.
The developments in the study of digeneans of deep-sea fish in the 21st Century are documented and discussed. Most recent work has been on the bathyal fauna (i.e. 1,000m-2,999 m depth), with virtually nothing on the abyssal fauna (i.e. deeper than 3,000 m). The one study on hydrothermal vent digeneans has indicated that these regions probably harbour a distinctive fauna. The demarcation of the deep-sea fauna is blurred at the poles, where the cold-adapted fauna appears similar to the shallower bathyal fauna. The abyssal fauna, however, appears distinct, possibly due to adaptations to variable or ultra-high pressures. The digenean fauna of bathypelagic fishes is depauperate. Recent phylogenetic studies reinforce the view that the typical deep-sea fauna has radiated in the deep-sea. Encroachment into the deep from shallow water is relatively rare. Overall, the digenean fauna in the deep-sea is distinctly less diverse that the equivalent fauna in shallow waters. A major conclusion is that our understanding of the deep-sea digenean fauna is poor, and that much further work over a much wider area is needed.
本文记录并讨论了21世纪深海鱼类复殖吸虫的研究进展。最近的研究主要集中在半深海动物区系（即深度为1000米至2999米），而对于深海动物区系（即深度超过3000米）几乎没有研究。一项关于热液喷口复殖吸虫的研究表明，这些区域可能有独特的动物区系。在极地，深海动物区系的界限很模糊，那里适应寒冷的动物区系与较浅的半深海动物区系相似。然而，深海动物区系似乎是独特的，这可能是由于对可变或超高压的适应。深海鱼类的复殖吸虫动物区系种类稀少。最近的系统发育研究强化了这样一种观点，即典型的深海动物区系是在深海中辐射进化的。从浅水区向深海的入侵相对较少。总体而言，深海复殖吸虫动物区系的多样性明显低于浅水区的同类动物区系。一个主要结论是，我们对深海复殖吸虫动物区系的了解很差，需要在更广泛的区域进行更多的研究。
