Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Anticancer Res. 2020 Nov;40(11):5995-6002. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.14620.
Steroid contraceptive hormones may promote human papilloma virus (HPV) - DNA integration into the host genome, may bind to specific HPV-DNA sequences within transcriptional regulatory regions, and may modulate cell apoptosis. Most epidemiological studies, reported in this narrative review, have shown that oral contraception is associated with a 1.5-3.3-fold higher relative risk of cervical carcer, but only in users for >5 years and especially in HPV-positive women. The relative risk declines with increasing time since last use and is not different from that of never users after >10 years. Ten-year oral contraceptive use from the age of 20 years is associated with an increase in the cumulative incidence of invasive cervical cancer at the age of 50 years of approximately 1 case per 1,000. Oral contraception has a very small negative impact on the absolute risk of cancer of the uterine cervix.
甾体避孕药中的激素可能促进人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）-DNA 整合到宿主基因组中，可能与转录调控区域内的特定 HPV-DNA 序列结合，并可能调节细胞凋亡。本综述中的大多数流行病学研究表明，口服避孕药与宫颈癌的相对风险增加 1.5-3.3 倍相关，但仅在使用>5 年的女性中，尤其是 HPV 阳性的女性中。相对风险随末次使用后时间的增加而降低，且在>10 年后与从未使用者无差异。20 岁开始使用 10 年口服避孕药，与 50 岁时浸润性宫颈癌的累积发病率增加约每 1000 例增加 1 例相关。口服避孕药对子宫颈癌的绝对风险的负面影响非常小。
