Mohammadnezhad Masoud, Thomas Anjali, Kabir Russell
Department of Public Health and Health Services Management School of Public Health and Primary Care, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji Island.
School of Allied Health, Anglia Ruskin University, Essex, UK.
Oman Med J. 2020 Sep 30;35(5):e187. doi: 10.5001/omj.2020.128. eCollection 2020 Sep.
People abuse substances like drugs, alcohol, and tobacco for different reasons, including pleasure, improved performance and vigilance, relief of depression, curbing hunger, and weight control. In this review, we sought to identify the determinants and prevention strategies that have been undertaken to minimize the issue of substance abuse.
The systematic review was conducted following the Cochrane Library Guidelines and PRISMA checklist. We searched six online databases to identify studies from January 2000 to July 2017.
Only peer-reviewed studies published in the English language that had full text accessible were included. We reviewed 19 studies; only one was quasi-experimental and the majority were descriptive studies. The determinants of substance abuse identified include personal, faciliatory/promotor, environmental, and social factors. The prevention strategies identified use culturally appropriate and gender-sensitive treatments, and identify sources of strength in families, community, individual, and even spiritual.
Substance abuse poses significant public health risks and therefore requires adequate interventions such as educating and informing individuals of the health risks associated with substance abuse and must be considered locally to promote the well-being of people.
人们出于不同原因滥用药物、酒精和烟草等物质，包括寻求愉悦、提高表现和警觉性、缓解抑郁、抑制饥饿以及控制体重。在本综述中，我们试图确定为尽量减少药物滥用问题而采取的决定因素和预防策略。
按照Cochrane图书馆指南和PRISMA清单进行系统综述。我们检索了六个在线数据库，以识别2000年1月至2017年7月期间的研究。
仅纳入了以英文发表且可获取全文的同行评审研究。我们审查了19项研究；只有一项是准实验性研究，大多数是描述性研究。确定的药物滥用决定因素包括个人、促进/推动、环境和社会因素。确定的预防策略采用文化上适当且对性别敏感的治疗方法，并确定家庭、社区、个人乃至精神层面的力量来源。
药物滥用构成重大公共卫生风险，因此需要采取适当干预措施，如教育并告知个人与药物滥用相关的健康风险，并且必须在当地加以考虑，以促进人们的福祉。
