Ramli Marini, Zulkafli Zefarina, Chambers Geoffrey Keith, Zilan Raja Sabrina Amani Raja, Edinur Hisham Atan
School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Oman Med J. 2020 Oct 20;35(6):e189. doi: 10.5001/omj.2020.86. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Blood bank centers routinely screen for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to ensure the safety of blood supply and thus prevent the dissemination of these viruses via blood transfusion. We sought to evaluate the detection of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) markers using standard serological methods and nucleic acid testing (NAT) among blood donors in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Donated blood units were assessed for the presence or absence of HBV, HCV, and HIV using two screening method: serology and NAT. Reactive blood samples were then subjected to serological confirmatory and NAT discriminatory assays.
A total of 9669 donors were recruited from September 2017 to June 2018. Among these, 36 donors were reactive either for HBV, HCV, or HIV by serological testing and eight by NAT screening. However, only 10 (three for HBV and seven for HCV) donors tested positive using serological testing and five (two for HBV and three for HCV) by NAT discriminatory assays. Note that all five NAT positive donors detected in the NAT discriminatory assays were confirmed to be serologically reactive. Therefore, the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV was 0.03%, 0.1%, and 0.0%, respectively, in our donor pool.
Both serological and NAT screening and confirmatory assays should be used routinely to reduce the risk of infection transmission via the transfusion of blood and blood components.
血库中心常规筛查乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），以确保血液供应安全，从而防止这些病毒通过输血传播。我们试图评估马来西亚理科大学医院献血者中使用标准血清学方法和核酸检测（NAT）检测输血传播感染（TTI）标志物的情况。
使用两种筛查方法（血清学和NAT）评估献血单位中是否存在HBV、HCV和HIV。对反应性血样进行血清学确证试验和NAT鉴别试验。
2017年9月至2018年6月共招募了9669名献血者。其中，36名献血者血清学检测显示对HBV、HCV或HIV呈反应性，8名通过NAT筛查呈反应性。然而，只有10名（3名HBV阳性和7名HCV阳性）献血者血清学检测呈阳性，5名（2名HBV阳性和3名HCV阳性）通过NAT鉴别试验呈阳性。请注意，在NAT鉴别试验中检测到的所有5名NAT阳性献血者血清学均呈反应性。因此，我们的献血者群体中HBV、HCV和HIV的流行率分别为0.03%、0.1%和0.0%。
应常规使用血清学和NAT筛查及确证试验，以降低通过输血和血液成分传播感染的风险。
