Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.
High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 Apr;33(4):e14020. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14020. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
Cisplatin is an antineoplastic drug known to produce intense vomiting, gastric dysmotility, and peripheral neuropathy. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancer with prokinetic properties potentially useful for cancer patients under chemotherapy. Our aim was to test whether MSG may improve gastrointestinal motor dysfunction and other adverse effects induced by repeated cisplatin in rats.
Male Wistar rats were exposed or not to MSG (4 g L ) in drinking water from week 0 to 1 week after treatment. On the first day of weeks 1-5, rats were treated with saline or cisplatin (2 mg kg week , ip). Gastrointestinal motility was measured by radiological methods after first and fifth administrations, as well as 1 week after treatment finalization. One week after treatment, the threshold for mechanical somatic sensitivity was recorded. Finally, samples of stomach, terminal ileum and kidneys were evaluated in sections using conventional histology. The myenteric plexus was immunohistochemically evaluated on distal colon whole-mount preparations.
Monosodium glutamate prevented the development of cisplatin-induced neuropathy and partially improved intestinal transit after the fifth cisplatin administration with little impact on gastric dysmotility. MSG did not improve the histological damage of gut wall, but prevented the changes induced by cisplatin in the colonic myenteric plexus.
Our results suggest that MSG can improve some dysfunctions caused by anticancer chemotherapy in the gut and other systems, associated, at least partially, with neuroprotectant effects. The potentially useful adjuvant role of this food additive to reduce chemotherapy-induced sequelae warrants further evaluation.
顺铂是一种抗肿瘤药物，已知会引起强烈的呕吐、胃动力障碍和周围神经病变。谷氨酸单钠（MSG）是一种具有促动力特性的风味增强剂，对接受化疗的癌症患者可能有用。我们的目的是测试 MSG 是否可以改善由反复顺铂引起的胃肠道运动功能障碍和其他不良反应。
雄性 Wistar 大鼠从治疗后第 0 周到第 1 周连续在饮用水中摄入或不摄入 MSG（4 g/L）。在第 1 周到第 5 周的第一天，大鼠接受生理盐水或顺铂（2 mg/kg，ip）治疗。在第一次和第五次给药后以及治疗结束后 1 周，通过放射学方法测量胃肠道动力。在治疗结束后 1 周，记录机械躯体敏感性的阈值。最后，使用常规组织学方法评估胃、末端回肠和肾脏的切片。在远端结肠全层制备物上对肌间神经丛进行免疫组织化学评估。
谷氨酸单钠可预防顺铂引起的周围神经病变，并在第五次顺铂给药后部分改善肠道转运，对胃动力障碍影响较小。MSG 没有改善肠壁的组织学损伤，但可预防顺铂对结肠肌间神经丛的改变。
我们的结果表明，MSG 可以改善胃肠道和其他系统因抗癌化疗而引起的一些功能障碍，这至少部分与神经保护作用有关。这种食品添加剂在减轻化疗引起的后遗症方面可能具有有用的辅助作用，值得进一步评估。
