从水中去除新兴污染物的膜法：我们应该使用哪种膜？
Membrane Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water: Which Kind of Membranes Should We Use?
作者信息
Kárászová Magda, Bourassi Mahdi, Gaálová Jana
机构信息
Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojova 135, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Science, Charles University, Institute for Environmental Studies, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
出版信息
Membranes (Basel). 2020 Oct 25;10(11):305. doi: 10.3390/membranes10110305.
Abstract
Membrane technologies are nowadays widely used; especially various types of filtration or reverse osmosis in households, desalination plants, pharmaceutical applications etc. Facing water pollution, they are also applied to eliminate emerging contaminants from water. Incomplete knowledge directs the composition of membranes towards more and more dense materials known for their higher selectivity compared to porous constituents. This paper evaluates advantages and disadvantages of well-known membrane materials that separate on the basis of particle size, usually exposed to a large amount of water, versus dense hydrophobic membranes with target transport of emerging contaminants through a selective barrier. In addition, the authors present several membrane processes employing the second type of membrane.
摘要
如今，膜技术得到了广泛应用；尤其是在家庭、海水淡化厂、制药应用等领域的各种过滤或反渗透技术。面对水污染问题，它们还被用于去除水中新出现的污染物。由于认识不足，人们将膜的成分设计得越来越致密，这些致密材料因其比多孔成分具有更高的选择性而闻名。本文评估了基于粒径分离的知名膜材料（通常接触大量水）与具有通过选择性屏障靶向传输新出现污染物功能的致密疏水膜的优缺点。此外，作者还介绍了几种采用第二种膜的膜工艺。
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