Department of Navigation and Hydrography, Polish Naval Academy, Śmidowicza 69, 81-127 Gdynia, Poland.
Department of Geodesy and Oceanography, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Oct 24;20(21):6061. doi: 10.3390/s20216061.
Bathymetric surveys of the same body of water, performed at regular intervals, apart from updating the geospatial information used to create paper and electronic maps, allow for several additional analyses, including an evaluation of geomorphological changes occurring in the coastal zone. This research is particularly important in places where the shape of the coastal zone has been violently disturbed, including by human activity. Tombolo is such a phenomenon and it dynamically shapes the new hydrological conditions of the coastal zone. Apart from natural factors, it may be caused by the construction of hydrotechnical facilities in the littoral zone. It causes a significant disturbance in the balance of the marine environment, resulting in the bottom accretion and dynamic changes in the coastline. This has been the case since 2010 in Sopot, where the rapidly advancing tombolo is not only changing environmental relations but also threatening the health-spa character of the town by stopping the transport of sand along the coast. This paper analyses changes in seabed shape in the pier area in Sopot between 2010 and 2018. In the analysis, both archival maps and bathymetric surveys over a period of 8 years were used; based on these, numerical bottom models were developed and their geospatial changes were analyzed. The results showed that changes in the seabed in this area are progressing very quickly, despite periodic dredging actions organized by administrative bodies.
对同一水域进行定期的水深测量，除了更新用于创建纸质和电子地图的地理空间信息外，还可以进行其他几项分析，包括评估沿海地区发生的地貌变化。在那些沿海地区形状受到强烈干扰的地方，包括人为活动，这种研究尤为重要。连岛沙洲就是这样一种现象，它动态地塑造了沿海地区的新水文条件。除了自然因素外，它还可能是由于滨海地区水工设施的建设造成的。它会导致海洋环境平衡的严重破坏，导致底部淤积和海岸线的动态变化。自 2010 年以来，索波特就一直存在这种情况，快速推进的连岛沙洲不仅改变了环境关系，而且通过阻止沿海岸线的沙子运输，威胁到了该镇的疗养胜地特色。本文分析了 2010 年至 2018 年期间索波特码头区海底形状的变化。在分析中，使用了存档地图和 8 年的水深测量数据；在此基础上，开发了数字海底模型，并对其地理空间变化进行了分析。结果表明，尽管行政机构定期组织疏浚作业，但该地区海底的变化速度非常快。
