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TIGIT 阻断联合 FcγR 结合和髓系细胞激活可产生有效的抗肿瘤反应。

Effective Anti-tumor Response by TIGIT Blockade Associated With FcγR Engagement and Myeloid Cell Activation.

机构信息

Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 7;11:573405. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573405. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

The molecule "T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domain," or TIGIT, has recently received much attention as a promising target in the treatment of various malignancies. In spite of the quick progression of anti-TIGIT antibodies into clinical testing both as monotherapy and in combination with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)-directed immune checkpoint blockade, the molecular mechanism behind the observed therapeutic benefits remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate, using mouse tumor models, that TIGIT blocking antibodies with functional Fc binding potential induce effective anti-tumor response. Our observations reveal that the anti-TIGIT therapeutic effect is not achieved by depletion of intratumoral regulatory T cells (Treg) or any cell population expressing TIGIT, but instead is mediated by possible "reverse activating signals" through FcγRs on myeloid cells, inducing expression of various mediators such as cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, we discovered an induction of a robust and persistent granzyme B and perforin response, distinct from a predominantly interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-driven anti-PD-1 blockade. Our observations, for the first time, provide the basis for a mechanistic hypothesis involving the requirement of a functional Fc domain of anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibodies, of which various isotypes are currently under intense clinical investigation.

摘要

“T 细胞免疫受体含有免疫球蛋白和 ITIM 结构域”或 TIGIT 最近作为一种有前途的治疗各种恶性肿瘤的靶点备受关注。尽管抗 TIGIT 抗体迅速进入临床测试,无论是作为单一疗法还是与程序性细胞死亡-1(PD-1)靶向免疫检查点阻断联合使用,但观察到的治疗益处背后的分子机制仍知之甚少。在这里,我们使用小鼠肿瘤模型证明,具有功能性 Fc 结合潜力的 TIGIT 阻断抗体可诱导有效的抗肿瘤反应。我们的观察结果表明,抗 TIGIT 治疗效果不是通过耗尽肿瘤内调节性 T 细胞(Treg)或任何表达 TIGIT 的细胞群来实现的,而是通过 FcγRs 上的可能“反向激活信号”在髓样细胞中诱导各种介质(如细胞因子和趋化因子)的表达。此外,我们发现诱导了强烈和持久的颗粒酶 B 和穿孔素反应,与主要由干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)驱动的抗 PD-1 阻断不同。我们的观察结果首次为一种机制假说提供了依据,该假说涉及到抗 TIGIT 单克隆抗体的功能性 Fc 结构域的要求,目前正在进行各种同种型的深入临床研究。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b78e/7577118/952d9e3664b9/fimmu-11-573405-g0001.jpg

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