Dinkel Danae, Rech John P, Snyder Kailey
School of Health & Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Department of Physical Therapy, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2021 Jul;26(3):e12315. doi: 10.1111/jspn.12315. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
Infancy is a critical time for the prevention of obesity and establishment of healthy behaviors such as physical activity that help to control weight. A limited amount of research has examined if factors related to infant physical activity vary by infant weight status. Therefore, the purpose of this mixed methods triangulation study was to examine differences in motor development, the home environment, and infant-parent play behaviors as well as to explore how parents promote active play opportunities with normal weight infants (NWIs) and overweight infants (OWIs).
We used a mixed methods triangulated approach to combine quantitative and qualitative data strands to examine variables associated with active play in normal weight (n = 16) and overweight (n = 11) infants. Data were analyzed using a two-tailed Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test and a summative content analysis approach.
Although there were no differences in infants' motor development and parent play behaviors based on infant weight, several other differences were found. OWIs had less access to materials that stimulate locomotor movement. Further, parents of OWIs more often reported utilizing cognitive play strategies in comparison to parents of NWIs who more often reported using physical play strategies. Parents felt they were the greatest influence on their child's activity regardless of infant size. Importantly, all parents desired more specific guidelines on how to encourage active play and preferred this information was delivered by their healthcare provider.
To meet parents' desires and potentially improve infants' developmental outcomes through the establishment of healthy physical activity behaviors, pediatric nurses could provide more specific guidance on providing active opportunities for infants.
婴儿期是预防肥胖以及建立有助于控制体重的健康行为（如体育活动）的关键时期。仅有少量研究探讨了与婴儿体育活动相关的因素是否因婴儿体重状况而异。因此，这项混合方法三角验证研究的目的是考察运动发育、家庭环境和婴儿与父母游戏行为方面的差异，并探究父母如何为正常体重婴儿（NWI）和超重婴儿（OWI）提供积极的游戏机会。
我们采用混合方法三角验证法，将定量和定性数据相结合，以考察与正常体重婴儿（n = 16）和超重婴儿（n = 11）积极游戏相关的变量。使用双尾曼-惠特尼U非参数检验和总结性内容分析方法对数据进行分析。
尽管基于婴儿体重，婴儿的运动发育和父母游戏行为没有差异，但发现了其他一些差异。超重婴儿获得刺激运动的材料较少。此外，与更多报告使用身体游戏策略的正常体重婴儿的父母相比，超重婴儿的父母更常报告使用认知游戏策略。无论婴儿体型如何，父母都认为自己对孩子的活动影响最大。重要的是，所有父母都希望获得关于如何鼓励积极游戏的更具体指导，并希望由他们的医疗服务提供者提供这些信息。
为了满足父母的需求，并通过建立健康的体育活动行为潜在地改善婴儿的发育结果，儿科护士可以就为婴儿提供积极机会提供更具体的指导。
