西班牙马德里一家受严重影响的机构中的医院工作人员中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染：一项监测性横断面研究。
Severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among hospital workers in a severely affected institution in Madrid, Spain: A surveillance cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain.
Servicio de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales y Salud Laboral, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021 Jul;42(7):803-809. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.1303. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in workers of a hospital located in one of the most affected areas in Spain.
DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PATIENTS: Cross-sectional study performed between March and May 2020 over all workers of a secondary hospital in Madrid, Spain.
METHODS
We employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR, for symptomatic individuals) and serology (for both PCR-negative symptomatic workers and asymptomatic workers) as diagnostic tests for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We analyzed the prevalence of the virus in healthcare workers (HCWs) and nonhealthcare workers (nHCWs). We also collected information about the use of personal protective equipment (PPEs) and possible contacts prior to infection.
RESULTS
In total, 2,963 workers were included: 1,092 were symptomatic, and of these, 539 were positive by PCR (49.4% of symptomatic workers). From the remaining symptomatic workers, 197 (35.6%) were positive by serology. Regarding asymptomatic workers, 345 were positive by serology (31.9% of infected workers). In total, 1,081 (36.5%) presented a positive diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2. Infection rates were different between HCWs (37.4%) and nHCWs (29.8%) (P = .006). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the use of PPE (protective: OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.44-0.72; P < .001) and previous contact with COVID-19 patients (risk factor: OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.28-2.24; P < .001) were independent factors that were associated with SAS-CoV-2 infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, >36% of our workers became infected with SARS-CoV-2, and the rate of asymptomatic infections accounted for almost 32% of all SARS-CoV-2 infections. We detected differences in the rates of infection between HCWs and nHCWs. The use of PPE and previous contact with COVID-19 patients were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
目的
分析 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对西班牙受影响最严重地区之一的一家医院工作人员的影响。
设计、地点和患者：2020 年 3 月至 5 月间，对西班牙马德里一家二级医院的所有工作人员进行了横断面研究。
方法
我们使用聚合酶链反应（PCR，用于有症状的个体）和血清学（用于 PCR 阴性有症状的工人和无症状的工人）作为严重急性呼吸冠状病毒病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的诊断测试。我们分析了病毒在医护人员（HCWs）和非医护人员（nHCWs）中的流行情况。我们还收集了感染前使用个人防护设备（PPE）和可能接触的信息。
结果
共纳入 2963 名工作人员：1092 名有症状，其中 539 名 PCR 阳性（有症状工人的 49.4%）。其余有症状的工人中，197 人（35.6%）血清学阳性。对于无症状工人，345 人血清学阳性（感染工人的 31.9%）。共有 1081 名（36.5%）接受 SARS-CoV-2 的诊断检测呈阳性。HCWs（37.4%）和 nHCWs（29.8%）之间的感染率不同（P=0.006）。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，使用 PPE（保护性：OR，0.56；95%CI，0.44-0.72；P<0.001）和与 COVID-19 患者的先前接触（危险因素：OR，1.69；95%CI，1.28-2.24；P<0.001）是与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关的独立因素。
结论
总的来说，我们超过 36%的工作人员感染了 SARS-CoV-2，无症状感染的比例几乎占 SARS-CoV-2 感染总数的 32%。我们发现 HCWs 和 nHCWs 之间的感染率存在差异。使用 PPE 和与 COVID-19 患者的先前接触与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关。
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