Tsinghua University.
Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Dev Psychol. 2020 Dec;56(12):2331-2344. doi: 10.1037/dev0001125. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
This research examined the idea that children's inferences about their parents' goals for them is a possible mechanism by which parents' responses to their children's performance contribute to children's psychological functioning. American ( = 447; = 13.24 years; 49% girls; 95% European American) and Chinese ( = 439; = 13.36 years; 52% girls) early adolescents reported on parents' responses to their performance, parents' self-worth and self-improvement goals for them, and their psychological functioning (e.g., subjective well-being) twice over a year. The more parents used success-oriented responses, the more their children inferred they held self-worth goals, which predicted enhanced psychological functioning among children over time. The more parents used failure responses, the more their children inferred they held self-improvement goals, but this did not underlie the tendency for parents' failure responses to predict poorer psychological functioning over time. These pathways tended to be stronger in the United States than China. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究考察了这样一种观点，即儿童对父母期望的推断可能是父母对其表现的反应影响儿童心理功能的一种机制。美国（n=447；M=13.24 岁；49%为女生；95%为欧洲裔美国人）和中国（n=439；M=13.36 岁；52%为女生）的青少年分别两次报告了父母对其表现的反应、父母对其自身价值和自我提升的目标，以及他们的心理功能（例如主观幸福感）。父母越倾向于使用以成功为导向的回应方式，孩子就越能推断出他们持有自我价值目标，这预示着孩子的心理功能会随着时间的推移而增强。父母使用失败回应的次数越多，孩子就越能推断出他们持有自我提升的目标，但这并不能解释父母的失败回应随着时间的推移预测心理功能下降的趋势。这些途径在美国比在中国更为明显。
