Wang Yan, Cheng Dong-Hui, Tan Wen-Bing, Yu Hong, Xi Bei-Dou, Jiang Yong-Hai, Dang Qiu-Ling
School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environment Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Sep 8;41(9):4253-4261. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202002154.
To investigate the long-term effects of irrigation with treated domestic and industrial wastewater on the microbial community structure of the soil, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was applied. Groundwater irrigated soil was used as a control. The effects of soil environmental factors and their interactions on the microbial community structure were investigated. Compared with the groundwater irrigation, irrigation with treated domestic wastewater can significantly increase the contents of TOC, DOC, Eh, NH-N, and TP, whereas irrigation with treated industrial wastewater can increase the contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the soil. Irrigation with treated wastewater also increases the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes, and reduces the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Tectomicrobia. The effects of treated wastewater from different sources on functional microorganisms in soil are also different; irrigation with treated domestic wastewater can increase the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae, whereas irrigation with treated industrial wastewater has negative effects on the abundance of Actinobacteria. The results of db-RDA analysis show that TN, TP, DOC, and Eh are the main factors that impact the microbial communities in soils irrigated with treated domestic wastewater (<0.05), and heavy metals are the main factors that impact the microbial communities in soils irrigated with treated industrial wastewater (<0.05). Compared with groundwater irrigation, treated wastewater irrigation can change the correlations between soil environmental factors, which in turn affect the microbial community structure. The growth of microorganisms in soils irrigated with treated domestic wastewater is mainly controlled by the increase in the nutrients such as DOC, TN, and TP and changes in soil redox conditions. The abundance of microorganisms in soil irrigated with treated industrial wastewater is significantly correlated with the accumulation of heavy metals.
为研究经处理的生活污水和工业废水灌溉对土壤微生物群落结构的长期影响，应用了Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术。以地下水灌溉的土壤作为对照。研究了土壤环境因子及其相互作用对微生物群落结构的影响。与地下水灌溉相比，经处理的生活污水灌溉可显著提高土壤中总有机碳（TOC）、溶解性有机碳（DOC）、氧化还原电位（Eh）、铵态氮（NH-N）和总磷（TP）的含量，而经处理的工业废水灌溉可增加土壤中镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）的含量。经处理的废水灌溉还会增加酸杆菌门和浮霉菌门的相对丰度，降低厚壁菌门和覆盖菌门的相对丰度。不同来源的经处理废水对土壤中功能微生物的影响也不同；经处理的生活污水灌溉可增加绿弯菌门和硝化螺旋菌门的相对丰度，而经处理的工业废水灌溉对放线菌门的丰度有负面影响。冗余度分析（db-RDA）结果表明，总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、溶解性有机碳（DOC）和氧化还原电位（Eh）是影响经处理的生活污水灌溉土壤中微生物群落的主要因素（<0.05），重金属是影响经处理的工业废水灌溉土壤中微生物群落的主要因素（<0.05）。与地下水灌溉相比，经处理的废水灌溉可改变土壤环境因子之间的相关性，进而影响微生物群落结构。经处理的生活污水灌溉土壤中微生物的生长主要受溶解性有机碳、总氮和总磷等养分增加以及土壤氧化还原条件变化的控制。经处理的工业废水灌溉土壤中微生物的丰度与重金属的积累显著相关。
