Gou Yin-Yin, Zhang Kai, Li Jin-Juan, LÜ Wen-Li, Zhu Shuang, Li Jie, He Shan-Shan, Zheng Yue, Zhi Min-Kang
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Oct 8;41(10):4413-4425. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201912193.
To understand the trends and characteristics of air pollution in Baoding in recent years, an analysis of air quality and air pollutant concentrations in Baoding from 2013 to 2018 was carried out. The results showed that: 1 from 2013 to 2018, the comprehensive index of Baoding dropped from 11.6 to 6.6, the days of severe pollution decreased from 114 days to 27 days, and cumulative concentration of pollutants during severe pollution decreased from 57.34% to 20.59%. This indicated that the air quality of Baoding city has improved year on year from 2013 to 2018. Not only has the number of heavy pollution days and the annual average concentration of pollutants decreased, but also the proportion of cumulative concentrations of pollutants during heavy pollution has decreased. the difference between the average concentration level of Baoding city and "2+26" Cities is getting smaller and smaller. ② Summer (O-8h) increased year on year. In 2017 and 2018, the heavy pollution days caused by O accounted for 17.0% and 14.8% of the heavy pollution days of the year, respectively, and the ozone pollution gradually became prominent; the characteristic value of NO in autumn was higher than that of SO, CO, PM, and PM, indicating that the type of pollution in autumn was more motorized. The sources of pollution in winter changed from the partial combustion of coal in 2013-2014 to a mixed influence of partial combustion of coal and incomplete combustion in 2015-2018. ③ In 2016, 2017, and 2018, a high cumulative concentrations of PM during the high pollution season that accounted for 5.56%, 6.21%, and 2.58% declined as compared to that during the same period in 2015; this was the largest decline among the six pollutants; PM followed; The decreases of SO and NO were small, indicating that the emergency measures were better in cutting peaks of particulate matter than the gaseous pollutants during heavy pollution in Baoding. In a heavy pollution event during the high pollution season in 2018, partial-burning coal-type pollution increased as compared to that during the high pollution season in 2017, indicating that the coal combustion was still one of the pollution sources that Baoding city needed to control. In summary, Baoding should strengthen the management and control of motor vehicles in autumn, and gradually change from the original coal control measures to a combination of coal control and diesel control in winter; in the future, the focus of air pollution prevention and control should be strengthened toward O pollution.
为了解近年来保定市空气污染的趋势和特征，对保定市2013年至2018年的空气质量和空气污染物浓度进行了分析。结果表明：①2013年至2018年，保定市综合指数从11.6降至6.6，重度污染天数从114天降至27天，重度污染期间污染物累计浓度从57.34%降至20.59%。这表明保定市空气质量自2013年至2018年逐年改善。不仅重污染天数和污染物年均浓度下降，而且重污染期间污染物累计浓度占比也下降。保定市与“2+26”城市平均浓度水平的差距越来越小。②夏季（O-8h）逐年上升。2017年和2018年，由O导致的重污染天数分别占当年重污染天数的17.0%和14.8%，臭氧污染逐渐凸显；秋季NO特征值高于SO、CO、PM10和PM2.5，表明秋季污染类型机动车化程度更高。冬季污染源从2013 - 2014年的燃煤为主转变为2015 - 2018年的燃煤与不完全燃烧混合影响。③2016年、2017年和2018年，高污染季节PM2.5的高累计浓度分别占5.56%、6.21%和2.58%，与2015年同期相比下降，这是六项污染物中下降幅度最大的；PM10次之；SO2和NOx下降幅度小，表明保定市在重污染期间颗粒物削峰应急措施优于气态污染物。在一次2018年高污染季节的重污染过程中，燃煤型污染较2017年高污染季节有所增加，表明燃煤仍是保定市需管控的污染源之一。综上所述，保定市秋季应加强机动车管控，冬季逐步从原来的控煤措施转变为控煤与控柴油相结合；未来应加强对O3污染的大气污染防治重点。
