Pfizer Inc., Medical and Scientific Affairs, Vaccines, Emerging Markets, PO Box 502749, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkok-noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Jan;102:429-436. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.048. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
This review examines the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease, serotype prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and national vaccination recommendations in Thailand. The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and annualized hospitalization rates for pneumococcal bacteremia in Thailand were highest in children aged <5years and the elderly. The most prevalent serotype is serotype 6B, which is included in both the 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV10 [also known as PHiD-CV] and PCV13, respectively) registered in Thailand. Other common serotypes are 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F (included in both PCVs) and 6A and 19A (only included in PCV13). PCV10/PHiD-CV and PCV13 should cover 48.8%-74% and 73.2%-92% of isolates among children aged ≤5 years, respectively, and 40.0%-47.9% and 58.3%-60.9% of isolates among adults aged ≥65 years. Only PCV13 is licensed for adults in Thailand. Pneumococcal isolates were most commonly resistant to erythromycin, cefuroxime, and penicillin. Despite their demonstrated cost effectiveness and efficacy in reducing nasopharyngeal carriage and IPD, PCVs are not included in the Thai national immunization program. The serotype-specific IPD incidence in Thailand suggests that PCVs will reduce the disease burden in all age groups, but particularly in children and older adults.
本综述考察了泰国肺炎球菌病的流行病学、血清型流行情况、抗生素耐药性以及国家疫苗接种建议。泰国<5 岁儿童和老年人侵袭性肺炎球菌病（IPD）的发病率和肺炎球菌菌血症的年化住院率最高。最常见的血清型是 6B 型，它包含在泰国注册的 10 价和 13 价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV10[也称为 PHiD-CV]和 PCV13）中。其他常见的血清型为 14、18C、19F 和 23F（均包含在两种 PCV 中）和 6A 和 19A（仅包含在 PCV13 中）。PCV10/PHiD-CV 和 PCV13 应分别覆盖≤5 岁儿童中分离株的 48.8%-74%和 73.2%-92%，以及≥65 岁成人中分离株的 40.0%-47.9%和 58.3%-60.9%。泰国仅批准 PCV13 用于成人。肺炎球菌分离株对红霉素、头孢呋辛和青霉素最常见耐药。尽管 PCV 已被证明在降低鼻咽携带和 IPD 方面具有成本效益和疗效，但它们并未被纳入泰国国家免疫计划。泰国特定血清型 IPD 的发病率表明，PCV 将减轻所有年龄段的疾病负担，但对儿童和老年人的影响尤为明显。
