Programa Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Gastroenterología, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
Programa Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Dirección Académica, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Mar;44(3):198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2020.06.024. Epub 2020 Oct 31.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) treatment may increase the risk of infections. Vaccines are part of the comprehensive IBD patient care. The aim of this study was to describe indications and adherence of immunizations in IBD and identify possible associated factors.
A cross-sectional, analytic study was conducted in patients from an IBD Program of a tertiary center in Chile, between April - June 2019. Patients were asked to answer a vaccine survey and information also was obtained from the National Immunization Registry. Descriptive and association statistic were used (χ; p<0.05).
A total of 243 patients were included (148 ulcerative colitis (UC), 86 Crohn's disease (CD) and 9 non-classifiable IBD). Only six patients (2%) of IBD patients received a complete immunization schedule. The highest vaccine rates were against influenza (67%), hepatitis B virus (40%), 13-valent pneumococcal (34%) and 23-polysaccharide pneumococcal (16%). The influenza vaccine rate has significantly increased, reaching 67% in 2019. The survey showed that 23% of patients have not been immunized with any vaccine, mainly due to lack of time, lack of medical prescription and high cost.
In this cohort, although vaccination rates are higher than previously reported, adherence to IBD immunization program would be improved, being considered since diagnosis by the multidisciplinary team.
炎症性肠病（IBD）的治疗可能会增加感染的风险。疫苗是 IBD 患者综合治疗的一部分。本研究的目的是描述 IBD 患者的疫苗接种适应证和接种依从性，并确定可能相关的因素。
这是一项在智利一家三级中心的 IBD 项目中进行的横断面分析研究，时间为 2019 年 4 月至 6 月。患者被要求回答疫苗接种调查问卷，同时从国家免疫登记处获取信息。采用描述性和关联性统计分析（χ²；p<0.05）。
共纳入 243 例患者（148 例溃疡性结肠炎（UC），86 例克罗恩病（CD）和 9 例未分类的 IBD）。仅有 6 例（2%）IBD 患者接受了完整的免疫接种计划。疫苗接种率最高的是流感（67%）、乙型肝炎病毒（40%）、13 价肺炎球菌（34%）和 23 价肺炎球菌（16%）。流感疫苗接种率显著增加，2019 年达到 67%。调查显示，23%的患者未接种任何疫苗，主要原因是缺乏时间、缺乏医生处方和费用高。
在本队列中，尽管疫苗接种率高于之前的报告，但 IBD 免疫接种计划的依从性仍有待提高，应在多学科团队确诊后即开始考虑。
