Ruiz-Cuesta Patricia, González-Alayón Carlos, Jurado-García Juan, Iglesias-Flores Eva M, Barranco-Quintana José L, García-García Luisa, Salgueiro-Rodríguez Isabel M, Benitez-Cantero José M, García-Sánchez Valle
Department of Gastroenterology of Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Gastroenterology of Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.
Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Jun-Jul;39(6):385-92. doi: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2015.09.014. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
The application of vaccination programs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is heterogeneous and generally deficient. As a result, adherence in these patients to a predefined vaccination program has not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to estimate adherence to a predefined vaccination program among patients with IBD and to identify the factors that may predict poor adherence.
All patients diagnosed with IBD and followed-up between January and March 2012 were referred to the Department of Preventive Medicine for evaluation of their immune status (with serological testing for hepatitis A, B and C viruses, varicella-zoster virus, mumps, rubella and measles), followed by vaccination based on the test results obtained and on the patient's vaccination history. The percentage of adherence to the vaccination program was determined, along with the factors associated with low adherence.
A total of 153 patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis in 50.3% and Crohn's disease in 49.7%) were included (45.1% men and 54.9% women; mean age 43.30±14.19 years, range 17-83). The vaccination program adherence rate was 84.3%. The factors associated with poor adherence were drugs related to IBD (patients not receiving immunosuppressants and/or biological agents showed lower adherence than those receiving these treatments; p=0.021), adherence to medical treatment (poor adherence to treatment was also associated with poor adherence to vaccination; p=0.016), and marital status (single, divorced or separated patients showed lower adherence than married individuals; p=0.015).
Adherence to vaccination is acceptable among patients with IBD. However, specific actions, such as optimization of patient information on the disease and emphasis on the need for adequate vaccination, are to improve adherence.
炎症性肠病（IBD）患者疫苗接种计划的应用情况各异且普遍不足。因此，这些患者对预定义疫苗接种计划的依从性尚未明确确立。本研究的目的是评估IBD患者对预定义疫苗接种计划的依从性，并确定可能预测依从性差的因素。
2012年1月至3月期间所有诊断为IBD并接受随访的患者被转介至预防医学科，以评估其免疫状态（进行甲型、乙型和丙型肝炎病毒、水痘 - 带状疱疹病毒、腮腺炎、风疹和麻疹的血清学检测），然后根据获得的检测结果和患者的疫苗接种史进行疫苗接种。确定疫苗接种计划的依从率以及与低依从性相关的因素。
共纳入153例IBD患者（溃疡性结肠炎占50.3%，克罗恩病占49.7%）（男性占45.1%，女性占54.9%；平均年龄43.30±14.19岁，范围17 - 83岁）。疫苗接种计划的依从率为84.3%。与依从性差相关的因素包括与IBD相关的药物（未接受免疫抑制剂和/或生物制剂的患者依从性低于接受这些治疗的患者；p = 0.021）、对药物治疗的依从性（对治疗依从性差也与疫苗接种依从性差相关；p = 0.016）以及婚姻状况（单身、离异或分居患者的依从性低于已婚个体；p = 0.015）。
IBD患者对疫苗接种的依从性尚可。然而，需要采取具体行动，如优化患者关于该疾病的信息并强调充分接种疫苗的必要性，以提高依从性。
