Xiang Yang, Xin Jiayan, Le Weidong, Yang Yongjian
Institute of Neuroscience, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Oct 6;12:584743. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.584743. eCollection 2020.
Neurogranin (Ng) is a small protein usually expressed in granule-like structures in pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and cortex. However, its clinical value is not fully clear so far. Currently, Ng is proved to be involved in synaptic plasticity, synaptic regeneration, and long-term potentiation mediated by the calcium- and calmodulin-signaling pathways. Due to both the synaptic integrity and function as the growing concerns in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of neurological and mental diseases, a series of researches published focused on the associations between Ng and these kinds of diseases in the past decade. Therefore, in this review, we highlight several diseases, which include, but are not limited to, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, neuro-HIV, neurosyphilis, schizophrenia, depression, traumatic brain injury, and acute ischemic stroke, and summarize the associations between cerebrospinal fluid or blood-derived Ng with these diseases. We propose that Ng is a potential and promising biomarker to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and severity evaluation of these diseases in the future.
神经颗粒素（Ng）是一种小蛋白，通常在海马体和皮质锥体细胞的颗粒样结构中表达。然而，其临床价值目前尚未完全明确。目前，已证实Ng参与由钙和钙调蛋白信号通路介导的突触可塑性、突触再生和长期增强作用。由于突触完整性和功能在多种神经和精神疾病发病机制中日益受到关注，在过去十年中发表了一系列关于Ng与这类疾病之间关联的研究。因此，在本综述中，我们重点介绍了几种疾病，包括但不限于阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、克雅氏病、神经型艾滋病、神经梅毒、精神分裂症、抑郁症、创伤性脑损伤和急性缺血性中风，并总结了脑脊液或血液来源的Ng与这些疾病之间的关联。我们认为，Ng是一种潜在且有前景的生物标志物，有望在未来改善这些疾病的诊断、预后和严重程度评估。
