Lee Jong Hyun, Mohan Chakrabhavi Dhananjaya, Deivasigamani Amudha, Jung Young Yun, Rangappa Shobith, Basappa Salundi, Chinnathambi Arunachalam, Alahmadi Tahani Awad, Alharbi Sulaiman Ali, Garg Manoj, Lin Zhi-Xiu, Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S, Sethi Gautam, Hui Kam Man, Ahn Kwang Seok
Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.
J Adv Res. 2020 Jul 13;26:83-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.07.004. eCollection 2020 Nov.
INTRODUCTION: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process of transdifferentiation where epithelial cells attain mesenchymal phenotype to gain invasive properties and thus, can contribute to metastasis of tumor cells. OBJECTIVES: The antimetastatic and antitumor efficacy of brusatol (BT) was investigated in a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. METHODS: We evaluated the action of BT on EMT process using various biological assays in HCC cell lines and its effect on tumorigenesis in an orthotopic mouse model. RESULTS: We found that BT treatment restored the expression of Occludin, E-cadherin (epithelial markers) while suppressing the levels of different mesenchymal markers in HCC cells and tumor tissues. Moreover, we observed a decline in the expression of transcription factors (Snail, Twist). Since the expression of these two factors can be regulated by STAT3 signaling, we deciphered the influence of BT on modulation of this pathway. BT suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT3 depletion using siRNA resulted in the restoration of epithelial markers. Importantly, BT (1mg/kg) reduced the tumor burden in orthotopic mouse model with a concurrent decline in lung metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results demonstrate that BT interferes with STAT3 induced metastasis by altering the expression of EMT-related proteins in HCC model.
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