呼肠孤病毒：亦敌亦友
Reovirus: Friend and Foe.
作者信息
Eledge Michael R, Zita Marcelle Dina, Boehme Karl W
机构信息
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Inflammatory Responses, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
出版信息
Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2019;6(3):132-138. doi: 10.1007/s40588-019-00121-8. Epub 2019 Jul 4.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Mammalian orthoreovirus (reovirus) is a powerful tool for studying viral replication and pathogenesis. Most reovirus infections are subclinical, however recent work has catapulted reovirus into the clinical spotlight.
RECENT FINDINGS
Owing to its capacity to kill cancer cells more efficiently than normal cells, reovirus is under development as a therapeutic for a variety of cancers. New efforts have focused on genetically engineering reovirus to increase its oncolytic capacity, and determining how reovirus potentiates immunotherapy. Other recent studies highlight a potential role for reovirus in celiac disease (CeD). Using mouse models of CeD, reovirus caused loss of oral tolerance to dietary antigens, opening the possibility that reovirus could trigger CeD in humans.
SUMMARY
We will focus on new developments in reovirus oncolysis and studies suggesting a role for reovirus as a trigger for celiac disease (CeD) that make reovirus a potential friend and foe to human health.
综述目的
哺乳动物正呼肠孤病毒（呼肠孤病毒）是研究病毒复制和发病机制的有力工具。大多数呼肠孤病毒感染是亚临床的，然而最近的研究使呼肠孤病毒成为临床关注的焦点。
最新发现
由于呼肠孤病毒比正常细胞更有效地杀死癌细胞的能力，它正被开发用于治疗多种癌症。新的研究工作集中在对呼肠孤病毒进行基因工程改造以提高其溶瘤能力，以及确定呼肠孤病毒如何增强免疫疗法。其他近期研究突出了呼肠孤病毒在乳糜泻（CeD）中的潜在作用。利用CeD小鼠模型，呼肠孤病毒导致对饮食抗原的口服耐受性丧失，这表明呼肠孤病毒可能在人类中引发CeD。
总结
我们将关注呼肠孤病毒溶瘤的新进展以及表明呼肠孤病毒作为乳糜泻（CeD）触发因素的研究，这些研究使呼肠孤病毒成为对人类健康潜在的益友和敌人。
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