Wada Yoshiro, Yamanaka Toshiaki, Kitahara Tadashi, Kurata Junichi
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Nara Medical University Nara Japan.
Wada ENT Clinic Osaka Japan.
Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2020 Sep 24;5(5):941-949. doi: 10.1002/lio2.461. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Gravity perception is an essential function for spatial orientation and postural stability; however, its assessment is not easy. We evaluated the head-tilt perception gain (HTPG, that is, mean perceptual gain [perceived/actual tilt angle] during left or right head roll-tilt conditions) and head-upright subjective visual vertical (SVV) using a simple method developed by us to investigate the characteristics of gravity perception in healthy participants.
We measured the SVV and head roll-tilt angle during head roll-tilt within ±30° of vertical in the sitting and standing positions while the participant maintained an upright trunk (sitting, 434 participants; standing, 263 participants). We evaluated the head-upright SVV, HTPG, and laterality of the HTPG.
We determined the reference ranges of the absolute head-upright SVV (<2.5°), HTPG (0.80-1.25), and HTPG laterality (<10%) for the sitting position. The head-upright SVV and HTPG laterality were not influenced by sex or age. However, the HTPG was significantly greater in women than in men and in middle-aged (30-64 years) and elderly (65-88 years) participants than in young participants (18-29 years). The HTPG, but not the head-upright SVV or HTPG laterality, was significantly higher in the standing vs sitting position.
The HTPG is a novel parameter of gravity perception involving functions of the peripheral otolith and neck somatosensory systems to the central nervous system. The HTPG in healthy participants is influenced by age and sex in the sitting position and immediately increases after standing to reinforce the righting reflex for unstable posture, which was not seen in the head-upright SVV, previously considered the only parameter.
重力感知是空间定向和姿势稳定性的一项基本功能；然而，对其进行评估并不容易。我们使用我们开发的一种简单方法评估了头部倾斜感知增益（HTPG，即左右头部侧倾倾斜条件下的平均感知增益[感知倾斜角度/实际倾斜角度]）和头部直立主观视觉垂直（SVV），以研究健康参与者的重力感知特征。
我们在参与者保持躯干直立的坐姿和站姿下，测量了垂直方向±30°范围内头部侧倾倾斜时的SVV和头部侧倾倾斜角度（坐姿，434名参与者；站姿，263名参与者）。我们评估了头部直立SVV、HTPG以及HTPG的偏侧性。
我们确定了坐姿下绝对头部直立SVV（<2.5°）、HTPG（0.80 - 1.25）和HTPG偏侧性（<10%）的参考范围。头部直立SVV和HTPG偏侧性不受性别或年龄的影响。然而，女性的HTPG显著高于男性，中年（30 - 64岁）和老年（65 - 88岁）参与者的HTPG显著高于年轻参与者（18 - 29岁）。与坐姿相比，站姿下的HTPG显著更高，但头部直立SVV或HTPG偏侧性并非如此。
HTPG是重力感知的一个新参数，涉及外周耳石和颈部体感系统对中枢神经系统的功能。健康参与者的HTPG在坐姿下受年龄和性别的影响，站立后立即增加以增强对不稳定姿势的翻正反射，而这在之前被认为是唯一参数的头部直立SVV中并未观察到。
4级。
