饮食模式与台湾地区糖尿病前期风险的关系：一项横断面研究。
Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Prediabetes in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231405, Taiwan.
School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 29;12(11):3322. doi: 10.3390/nu12113322.
BACKGROUND
prediabetes prevention and management are the main methods used to combat the prevalence of diabetes. Exploratory factor analysis is an upcoming method that is successful in identifying dietary patterns that correlate with healthy or unhealthy outcomes.
AIM
this study aims to identify dietary patterns in Taiwan that are associated with the risk of prediabetes.
METHODS
anthropometric, blood glucose, 3 d/24 h dietary records, and food frequency questionnaire data were collected from subjects recruited at Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital. The following five dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis: Western, prudent, convenience, Asian traditional, and continental. This cross-sectional study compares tertiles of dietary patterns and analyzes the significance of the characteristics.
RESULTS
the Western and the prudent patterns are the major dietary patterns found in other studies. A higher factor loading in the Western pattern is significantly related to a higher risk of prediabetes. A higher factor loading in the continental pattern is significantly related to a lower risk of prediabetes.
CONCLUSION
decreasing meat and seafood consumption while increasing egg, coffee, and milk consumption may be associated with a decreased risk for prediabetes.
背景
糖尿病前期的预防和管理是防治糖尿病流行的主要方法。探索性因子分析是一种新兴的方法，成功地识别了与健康或不健康结果相关的饮食模式。
目的
本研究旨在确定与糖尿病前期风险相关的台湾饮食模式。
方法
从台北慈济医院招募的受试者中收集人体测量学、血糖、3 天/24 小时饮食记录和食物频率问卷数据。采用因子分析方法确定了 5 种饮食模式：西方模式、谨慎模式、方便模式、亚洲传统模式和大陆模式。本横断面研究比较了饮食模式的三分位数，并分析了特征的显著性。
结果
西方模式和谨慎模式是其他研究中发现的主要饮食模式。西方模式中较高的因子负荷与糖尿病前期风险增加显著相关。大陆模式中较高的因子负荷与糖尿病前期风险降低显著相关。
结论
减少肉和海鲜的摄入，同时增加鸡蛋、咖啡和牛奶的摄入，可能与降低糖尿病前期的风险有关。
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