Allotey Pascale, Ravindran T K Sundari, Sathivelu Vithiya
United Nations University-International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; email:
Annu Rev Public Health. 2021 Apr 1;42:505-518. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-082619-102442. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
The decision to terminate a pregnancy is not one that is taken lightly. The need for an abortion reflects limited sexual autonomy, ineffective or lack of access to contraceptive options, or a health indication. Abortion is protected under human rights law. That notwithstanding, access to abortions continues to be contested in many parts of the world, with vested interests from politically and religiously conservative states, patriarchal societies, and cultural mores, not just within local contexts but also within a broader geopolitical context. Criminalization of a women's choice not to carry a pregnancy is a significant driver of unsafe procedures, and even where abortions are provided legally, the policies remain constrained by the practice or by a lack of coherence. This review outlines the trends in abortion policy in low- and middle-income countries and highlights priority areas to ensure that women are safe and able to exercise their reproductive rights.
终止妊娠的决定并非轻易做出的。堕胎需求反映出性自主权受限、避孕选择无效或难以获得，或者存在健康方面的指征。堕胎受人权法保护。尽管如此，在世界许多地区，堕胎的可及性仍存在争议，政治和宗教保守的国家、父权社会以及文化习俗等既得利益方不仅在当地环境中，而且在更广泛的地缘政治背景下对此都有影响。将妇女选择不继续妊娠定为犯罪是不安全堕胎程序的一个重要驱动因素，而且即使在合法提供堕胎服务的地方，政策仍受到实际操作或缺乏连贯性的限制。本综述概述了低收入和中等收入国家堕胎政策的趋势，并强调了确保妇女安全并能够行使其生殖权利的优先领域。
