Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2021;28(11):2195-2217. doi: 10.2174/0929867327999200817102154.
Drug repositioning is a strategy to identify new uses for approved or investigational drugs that are used off-label outside the scope of the original medical indication. In this review, we report the most relevant studies about drug repositioning in hematology, reporting the signalling pathways and molecular targets of these drugs, and describing the biological mechanisms which are responsible for their anticancer effects. Although the majority of studies on drug repositioning in hematology concern acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma, numerous studies are present in the literature on the possibility of using these drugs also in other hematological diseases, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, and lymphomas. Numerous anti-infectious drugs and chemical entities used for the therapy of neurological or endocrine diseases, oral antidiabetics, statins and medications used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, bisphosphonate and natural substance such as artemisin and curcumin, have found a place in the treatment of hematological diseases. Moreover, several molecules drastically reversed the resistance of the tumor cells to the chemotherapeutic drugs both in vitro and in vivo.
药物重定位是一种策略，旨在确定已批准或正在研究的药物的新用途，这些药物在原始医疗适应症范围之外被超适应症使用。在这篇综述中，我们报告了血液学中药物重定位的最相关研究，报告了这些药物的信号通路和分子靶点，并描述了负责其抗癌作用的生物学机制。尽管大多数关于血液学中药物重定位的研究都涉及急性髓细胞白血病和多发性骨髓瘤，但文献中也有大量关于这些药物在其他血液疾病（如急性淋巴细胞白血病、慢性髓细胞白血病和淋巴瘤）中的应用可能性的研究。许多抗感染药物和用于治疗神经或内分泌疾病的化学实体、口服抗糖尿病药物、他汀类药物和用于治疗高血压和心力衰竭的药物、双膦酸盐以及青蒿素和姜黄素等天然物质，都在血液疾病的治疗中找到了一席之地。此外，一些分子在体外和体内都极大地逆转了肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的耐药性。
