Fozouni Laila, Khan Saira, Bearnot Benjamin
University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 533 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA.
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115 USA.
Int J Drug Policy. 2021 Jan;87:103018. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103018. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
To describe the geographic and spatiotemporal distribution of needle reports in San Francisco, and examine spatial relationships between needle reports and needle disposal boxes, needle disposal kiosks, and homeless shelters.
We conducted multiple geospatial analyses of a crowdsourced database of non-emergency service requests. We describe changes in discarded needle and bulky item reports across San Francisco between 2010 and 2019, and compared changes in the reporting patterns of these items, while 200-meter Euclidean buffers captured needle reports in close proximity to needle deposit boxes, needle deposit kiosks, and homeless shelters in 2019.
34,912 needle reports were included. Yearly needle reports increased by 3827.1%, with a markedly different geospatial distribution from bulky item reports. 45.6% of needle reports originated in the five downtown neighborhoods with the highest needle report density, and 33.8% were identified within 200 meters of boxes, kiosks, or homeless shelters.
Reports of discarded needles in San Francisco increased dramatically over the last decade, and more than one third of 2019 reports were adjacent to harm reduction and homeless shelter locations. Needle reports provide an opportunity to understand changes in public injection drug use and target harm reduction services.
描述旧金山针头报告的地理和时空分布，并研究针头报告与针头处理箱、针头处理亭和无家可归者收容所之间的空间关系。
我们对一个众包的非紧急服务请求数据库进行了多次地理空间分析。我们描述了2010年至2019年期间旧金山全市废弃针头和大件物品报告的变化，并比较了这些物品报告模式的变化，同时在2019年用200米欧几里得缓冲区捕捉靠近针头投放箱、针头投放亭和无家可归者收容所的针头报告。
纳入了34912份针头报告。年度针头报告增加了3827.1%，其地理空间分布与大件物品报告明显不同。45.6%的针头报告来自针头报告密度最高的五个市中心社区，33.8%的报告是在距离箱子、亭子或无家可归者收容所200米范围内发现的。
在过去十年中，旧金山废弃针头的报告急剧增加，2019年超过三分之一的报告与减少伤害场所和无家可归者收容所地点相邻。针头报告为了解公共注射吸毒的变化和针对减少伤害服务提供了一个机会。
