与既往水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）感染相关的弥漫性肺微小结节。
Diffuse pulmonary micronodules related to prior VZV infection.
作者信息
Yang Kun, Yuan Jin, Liu Yirong
机构信息
Division of Hospital Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.
Albert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.
出版信息
Respir Med Case Rep. 2020 Oct 21;31:101268. doi: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101268. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND/INTRODUCTION: Chickenpox is a common viral infection caused by Varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Pneumonia is an infrequent complication of chickenpox infection. Rarely, multiple calcified pulmonary nodules can be the sequela of healed VZV pneumonia.
CASE PRESENTATION
A middle-aged female individual was found to have diffuse incidental pulmonary micronodules. By further history inquiry and diagnosis of exclusion, her pulmonary micronodules were determined to be likely associated with prior VZV infection.
CONCLUSIONS
VZV infection can cause calcified pulmonary nodules related to granuloma, and gold standard diagnosis is surgical lung biopsy with VZV PCR. However, diagnosis of exclusion is a reasonable approach to reach a presumptive diagnosis. Familiarity with this entity can potentially avoid invasive procedures in selected patients.
背景/引言：水痘是由水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）引起的常见病毒感染。肺炎是水痘感染罕见的并发症。极少数情况下，多个钙化肺结节可能是愈合的VZV肺炎的后遗症。
病例报告
一名中年女性被发现有弥漫性偶然发现的肺微结节。通过进一步询问病史和排除诊断，确定她的肺微结节可能与既往VZV感染有关。
结论
VZV感染可导致与肉芽肿相关的钙化肺结节，金标准诊断是手术肺活检及VZV PCR检测。然而，排除诊断是得出初步诊断的合理方法。熟悉这一情况可能避免对部分患者进行侵入性检查。
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