颈前三角和颈后三角的副神经解剖：一项新鲜尸体研究
Accessory Nerve Anatomy in Anterior and Posterior Cervical Triangle: A Fresh Cadaveric Study.
作者信息
Abakay Mehmet Akif, Güneş Selçuk, Küçük Ceyhun, Yazıcı Zahide Mine, Gülüstan Filiz, Arslan Murat Nihat, Sayın İbrahim
机构信息
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Forensic Science, İstanbul Forensic Medicine Institution, İstanbul, Turkey.
出版信息
Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Sep;58(3):149-154. doi: 10.5152/tao.2020.5263. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
OBJECTIVE
To understand the variations and normal course of the accessory nerve (CNXI) to help more accurate and confident neck dissection.
METHODS
The course of the CNXI in the neck, its relationship to the surrounding anatomic structures and the factors affecting its course were investigated.
RESULTS
A total of 100 neck dissections were performed on 50 fresh cadavers. Eleven division variations were observed at the anterior triangle. The location of CNXI at the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (PBSCM) was investigated and the ratio between the distance from the mastoid apex (MAA) to CNXI at the PBSCM and the distance from MAA to the posterior border where the PBSCM is attached to the clavicle increased as height of the subject increased (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
It must be kept in mind that it is better to search for CNXI in taller subjects more inferiorly at the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
目的
了解副神经（CNXI）的变异及正常走行，以助于更准确、自信地进行颈部清扫术。
方法
研究CNXI在颈部的走行、其与周围解剖结构的关系以及影响其走行的因素。
结果
对50具新鲜尸体进行了100次颈部清扫术。在前三角区观察到11种分支变异。研究了CNXI在胸锁乳突肌后缘（PBSCM）的位置，且随着受试者身高增加，从乳突尖（MAA）到PBSCM处CNXI的距离与从MAA到PBSCM附着于锁骨处后缘的距离之比增加（p<0.05）。
结论
必须牢记，对于身高较高的受试者，最好在胸锁乳突肌后缘更低的位置寻找CNXI。
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