Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Hillyard MacDonald, Inverness, UK.
J Orthod. 2021 Mar;48(1):42-51. doi: 10.1177/1465312520968574. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
INTRODUCTION: Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in research is an essential component of high-quality research. Patients and the public can identify which research topics are most relevant to them, contribute to study design, and interpretation and dissemination of findings. While inclusion of PPIE is widely adopted in medical research, awareness within the dental research community is more limited. AIM: To examine patient and public involvement and engagement in orthodontic research activity. DESIGN: Identification and appraisal of use of PPIE in orthodontic research reporting and funding applications using a systematic approach. METHODS: Three sources of information were examined: (1) research articles published between September 2018 and September 2019 in four major orthodontic journals. Articles were examined for reported PPIE; (2) common funding bodies for orthodontic research were assessed to establish whether PPIE was mandated (National Institute for Health Research, Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Chief Scientist Office (Scotland), Health and Care Research Wales, British Orthodontic Society Foundation, Royal College of Surgeons and CLEFT); and (3) publication guidance for authors in these journals was examined to identify whether reporting of PPIE was included. RESULTS: Of the 363 research articles, 2 (0.6%) mention patient/public involvement. None of the 363 research articles mention patient/public engagement. Of nine funding bodies, 2 (22%) request evidence of patient/public involvement as a condition of receiving funding with one (11%) expecting evidence of public engagement to be provided as a condition of receiving funding. None of the four major orthodontic journals include patient/public involvement and/or engagement in their guidance for authors. CONCLUSION: There is currently: (1) a notable lack of reporting of PPIE in orthodontic research; (2) variability in the requirements of funding bodies for researchers to include PPIE in funding applications and throughout the research process; and (3) no stipulation in journals' instructions for authors.
简介：患者和公众参与（PPIE）研究是高质量研究的重要组成部分。患者和公众可以确定哪些研究主题与他们最相关，为研究设计以及研究结果的解释和传播做出贡献。虽然 PPIE 在医学研究中得到广泛应用，但在牙科研究界的认识更为有限。
目的：调查正畸研究活动中的患者和公众参与情况。
设计：采用系统方法识别和评估正畸研究报告和资助申请中使用的 PPIE。
方法：检查了三种信息来源：（1）2018 年 9 月至 2019 年 9 月在四家主要正畸期刊上发表的研究文章。检查了报告的 PPIE；（2）评估了常见的正畸研究资助机构，以确定是否要求 PPIE（英国国家卫生研究院、医学研究委员会、惠康信托基金会、苏格兰首席科学家办公室、威尔士健康与护理研究委员会、英国正畸学会基金会、皇家外科医师学院和 CLEFT）；（3）检查这些期刊的作者出版指南，以确定是否包括 PPIE 报告。
结果：在 363 篇研究文章中，有 2 篇（0.6%）提到了患者/公众参与。在 363 篇研究文章中，没有一篇提到患者/公众参与。在九个资助机构中，有 2 个（22%）要求将患者/公众参与作为获得资助的条件之一，其中 1 个（11%）要求在获得资助的条件下提供公众参与的证据。在四个主要的正畸期刊中，没有一个包括患者/公众参与和/或参与他们的作者指南。
结论：目前存在以下问题：（1）正畸研究中 PPIE 的报告明显不足；（2）资助机构要求研究人员在资助申请和整个研究过程中纳入 PPIE 的要求存在差异；（3）期刊作者指南中没有规定。
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