Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Mol Cancer. 2020 Nov 5;19(1):155. doi: 10.1186/s12943-020-01277-4.
Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulation of transcriptional enhancers plays a significant role in cancer pathogenesis. Herein, we performed a genome-wide discovery of enhancer elements in colorectal cancer (CRC). We identified PVT1 locus as a previously unrecognized transcriptional regulator in CRC with a significantly high enhancer activity, which ultimately was responsible for regulating the expression of MYC oncogene. High expression of the PVT1 long-non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcribed from the PVT1 locus was associated with poor survival among patients with stage II and III CRCs (p < 0.05). Aberrant methylation of the PVT1 locus inversely correlated with the reduced expression of the corresponding the PVT1 lncRNA, as well as MYC gene expression. Bioinformatic analyses of CRC-transcriptomes revealed that the PVT1 locus may also broadly impact the expression and function of other key genes within two key CRC-associated signaling pathways - the TGFβ/SMAD and Wnt/β-Catenin pathways. We conclude that the PVT1 is a novel oncogenic enhancer of MYC and its activity is controlled through epigenetic regulation mediated through aberrant methylation in CRC. Our findings also suggest that the PVT1 lncRNA expression is a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
越来越多的证据表明,转录增强子的失调在癌症发病机制中起着重要作用。在此,我们在结直肠癌(CRC)中进行了全基因组增强子元件的发现。我们确定 PVT1 基因座是 CRC 中以前未被识别的转录调节剂,其具有显著高的增强子活性,最终负责调节 MYC 癌基因的表达。来自 PVT1 基因座的 PVT1 长链非编码 RNA(lncRNA)的高表达与 II 期和 III 期 CRC 患者的不良生存相关(p<0.05)。PVT1 基因座的异常甲基化与相应的 PVT1 lncRNA 和 MYC 基因表达的减少呈负相关。CRC 转录组的生物信息学分析表明,PVT1 基因座也可能广泛影响 TGFβ/SMAD 和 Wnt/β-Catenin 两条关键 CRC 相关信号通路中的其他关键基因的表达和功能。我们得出结论,PVT1 是 MYC 的一种新型致癌增强子,其活性通过 CRC 中异常甲基化介导的表观遗传调控来控制。我们的研究结果还表明,PVT1 lncRNA 的表达是 CRC 有前途的预后生物标志物和潜在的治疗靶点。
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