Bowman Thomas Gregory, Boergers Richard J, Lininger Monica R, Kilmer Alexander Jake, Ardente Matthew, D'Amodio Gabriella, Hughes Cassidy, Murphy Megan
*University of Lynchburg.
†Seton Hall University.
J Athl Train. 2022 Aug;57(8):748-755. doi: 10.4085/437-20. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
For an acute cardiac event, on-field equipment removal is suggested, although how lacrosse equipment removal may alter the time to first chest compression and time to first automated external defibrillator (AED) shock remains unknown.
To determine the time to first chest compression and first AED shock in 2 chest-exposure procedures with 2 pad types.
Crossover study.
Simulation laboratory.
A total of 36 athletic trainers (21 women, 15 men; age = 30.58 ± 7.81 years).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Participants worked in pairs to provide 2 rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) interventions on a simulation manikin outfitted with lacrosse pads and helmet. Participants completed 8 trials per pair (2 chest-exposure procedures × 2 pad types × 2 participant roles). The dependent variables were the time to first compression (seconds) and time to first AED shock (seconds). The independent variables were chest-exposure procedure with 2 levels (procedure 1: removal of the helmet while initiating CPR over the pads, followed by pad retraction and AED application; procedure 2: removal of the helmet and pads, followed by CPR and AED application) and pad type (Warrior Burn Hitman shoulder pads; Warrior Nemesis chest protector).
We found a significant interaction between chest-exposure procedure and pad type for the time to first compression (F1,35=4.66, P=0.04, ω2p=0.10), with faster times during procedure 1 for both the Nemesis pads (16.1±3.4 seconds) and Hitman pads (16.1±4.5 seconds) than during procedure 2 (Nemesis pads: 49.6±12.9 seconds, P<0.0001; Hitman pads: 53.8±14.5 seconds, P<0.0001).
Completing the initial cycle of chest compressions over either shoulder pads or a chest protector hastens the time to first chest compression without diminishing CPR quality, which may improve patient outcomes. The time to the first AED shock was not different between equipment procedures or pad types.
对于急性心脏事件，建议在现场移除装备，不过长曲棍球装备的移除如何改变首次胸外按压时间和首次自动体外除颤器（AED）电击时间仍不清楚。
确定在两种使用两种不同垫子类型的胸部暴露程序中首次胸外按压和首次AED电击的时间。
交叉研究。
模拟实验室。
总共36名运动训练员（21名女性，15名男性；年龄=30.58±7.81岁）。
参与者成对工作，对配备长曲棍球护具和头盔的模拟人体模型进行两次救援者心肺复苏（CPR）干预。每对参与者完成8次试验（2种胸部暴露程序×2种垫子类型×2种参与者角色）。因变量为首次按压时间（秒）和首次AED电击时间（秒）。自变量为胸部暴露程序，有两个水平（程序1：在垫子上开始心肺复苏时移除头盔，随后收回垫子并应用AED；程序2：移除头盔和垫子，随后进行心肺复苏和应用AED）以及垫子类型（勇士燃烧杀手护肩；勇士复仇女神护胸）。
我们发现胸部暴露程序和垫子类型在首次按压时间上存在显著交互作用（F1,35 = 4.66，P = 0.04，ω2p = 0.10），复仇女神护垫（16.1±3.4秒）和杀手护垫（16.1±4.5秒）在程序1中的时间比程序2更快（复仇女神护垫：49.6±12.9秒，P<0.0001；杀手护垫：53.8±14.5秒，P<0.0001）。
在护肩或护胸上完成胸外按压的初始循环可加快首次胸外按压时间，且不降低心肺复苏质量，这可能改善患者预后。两种装备程序或垫子类型之间首次AED电击时间没有差异。
