Reuter Anna, Vollmer Sebastian, Aiyub A, Susanti Suryane Sulistiana, Marthoenis M
Department of Economics & Centre for Modern Indian Studies, University of Göttingen, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
BJPsych Open. 2020 Nov 4;6(6):e134. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2020.108.
The role of sociodemographic and economic characteristics in mental distress has been rarely investigated in Indonesia.
To investigate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and identify any associations between mental distress and sociodemographic and economic characteristics among communities living in urban and rural (peri-urban) areas.
A community-based household survey was conducted in the province of Aceh, Indonesia, in 2018. The 20-item Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) screening tool was used to measure symptoms of CMD. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, family functioning, labour market outcomes and healthcare costs was collected. Multivariate regressions were conducted to analyse the relationships between the measures of mental distress and sociodemographic and economic characteristics.
We found that 14% of the respondents had CMD symptoms. SRQ-20 scores were higher for female, older and lower-educated individuals. CMD prevalence was higher among non-married participants and clustered within families. Participants with CMD perceive their families as performing significantly better in the dimensions of affective involvement and behaviour control compared with their counterparts. Their work was more often affected by negative feelings; they were also twice as likely to report a recent physical or mental health complaint and faced twice the treatment costs compared with their non-affected counterparts.
The prevalence of mental disorders is especially high in disadvantaged population groups. Moreover, mental distress is associated with a lower perceived productivity and a higher physical health burden.
社会人口统计学和经济特征在精神困扰中的作用在印度尼西亚鲜有研究。
调查常见精神障碍（CMD）的患病率，并确定城市和农村（城郊）地区社区中精神困扰与社会人口统计学和经济特征之间的关联。
2018年在印度尼西亚亚齐省进行了一项基于社区的家庭调查。使用20项自评问卷（SRQ-20）筛查工具来测量CMD症状。收集了社会人口统计学特征、家庭功能、劳动力市场结果和医疗费用等信息。进行多变量回归分析以分析精神困扰指标与社会人口统计学和经济特征之间的关系。
我们发现14%的受访者有CMD症状。女性、年龄较大和受教育程度较低的个体SRQ-20得分较高。未婚参与者中CMD患病率较高且在家庭中聚集。与没有CMD的参与者相比，患有CMD的参与者认为他们的家庭在情感参与和行为控制方面表现明显更好。他们的工作更常受到负面情绪的影响；他们报告近期身体或心理健康问题的可能性也是未受影响者的两倍，且面临的治疗费用是未受影响者的两倍。
精神障碍在弱势群体中的患病率尤其高。此外，精神困扰与较低的工作效率认知和较高的身体健康负担相关。
