Zelickson B D, Rogers R S
Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
Dermatol Clin. 1987 Oct;5(4):695-708.
Oral drug reactions have many clinical manifestations and are produced by numerous medications. These reactions may be the result of an allergic reaction to systemically administered drugs or as an indirect effect of the action of the drug on other tissues. Other oral drug reactions may be the result of local or topical medications. These reactions are either a result of an allergic, delayed-type hypersensitivity, or a local primary irritation. The appearance may be nonspecific or it may resemble several distinct clinical entities. The diagnosis of these oral drug reactions is made with a good clinical history and examination, along with a high index of suspicion. Often there are multiple factors involved that complicate the clinical picture. The clinician who is familiar with the types of oral drug reactions caused by medications, the mechanisms by which these reactions occur, and which medications are most likely to cause the reaction will be prepared to make the correct diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
口腔药物反应有多种临床表现，由众多药物引起。这些反应可能是对全身给药药物过敏反应的结果，也可能是药物作用于其他组织的间接效应。其他口腔药物反应可能是局部或外用药物的结果。这些反应要么是过敏、迟发型超敏反应的结果，要么是局部原发性刺激的结果。其表现可能是非特异性的，也可能类似于几种不同的临床病症。这些口腔药物反应的诊断需要良好的临床病史和检查，以及高度的怀疑指数。通常涉及多个因素，使临床情况复杂化。熟悉药物引起的口腔药物反应类型、这些反应发生的机制以及最有可能引起反应的药物的临床医生，将准备好做出正确的诊断和治疗建议。
