Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 5;10(1):19177. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75984-9.
The striped venus (Chamelea gallina) is an important economic resource in the Mediterranean Basin; this species has exhibited a strong quantitative decline in the Adriatic Sea. The aim of this work was to provide a comprehensive view of the biological status of C. gallina to elucidate the bioecological characteristics and genetic diversity of wild populations. To the best of our knowledge, this investigation is the first to perform a multidisciplinary study on C. gallina based on two omics approaches integrated with histological, ecotoxicological, and chemical analyses and with the assessment of environmental parameters. The results obtained through RNA sequencing indicated that the striped venus has a notable ability to adapt to different environmental conditions. Moreover, the stock reduction exhibited by this species in the last 2 decades seems not to have negatively affected its genetic diversity. Indeed, the high level of genetic diversity that emerged from our ddRAD dataset analyses is ascribable to the high larval dispersal rate, which might have played a "compensatory role" on local fluctuations, conferring to this species a good adaptive potential to face the environmental perturbations. These findings may facilitate the efforts of conservation biologists to adopt ad hoc management plans for this fishery resource.
横纹维纳斯（Chamelea gallina）是地中海盆地的重要经济资源；该物种在亚得里亚海表现出强烈的数量下降。这项工作的目的是全面了解 C. gallina 的生物状况，阐明野生种群的生物生态特征和遗传多样性。据我们所知，这是第一次基于两种组学方法（结合组织学、生态毒理学和化学分析以及环境参数评估）对 C. gallina 进行多学科研究。通过 RNA 测序获得的结果表明，横纹维纳斯具有显著的适应不同环境条件的能力。此外，该物种在过去 20 年中表现出的种群减少似乎并没有对其遗传多样性产生负面影响。实际上，我们的 ddRAD 数据集分析得出的高水平遗传多样性归因于高幼虫扩散率，这可能在局部波动中发挥了“补偿作用”，赋予该物种良好的适应潜力来应对环境扰动。这些发现可能有助于保护生物学家为该渔业资源制定专门的管理计划。
