Natesan Senthil, Duraisamy Thirusenduraselvi, Pukalenthy Bharathi, Chandran Sarankumar, Nallathambi Jagadeeshselvam, Adhimoolam Karthikeyan, Manickam Dhasarathan, Sampathrajan Vellaikumar, Muniyandi Samuel Jeberson, Meitei Laishram Joykumar, Thirunavukkarasu Nepolean, Kalipatty Nalliappan Ganesan, Rajasekaran Ravikesavan
Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Department of Seed Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
Front Nutr. 2020 Oct 14;7:134. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00134. eCollection 2020.
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a global health problem; many people around the world, especially children and pregnant women, are VAD deficient or insufficient. Maize is known as an important source of provitamin A for humans. Hence, enhancement of provitamin A carotenoids (pVAC) in maize varieties through breeding or biofortification is a good option for alleviating VAD in developing countries, especially India. So far, numerous maize hybrids have been developed in India. Among them, CO6, derived from UMI1200 × UMI1230, is a popular maize hybrid and adapted to different agro-climatic zones of India, especially Tamil Nadu, a southern state of India. However, CO6 is deficient for pVAC carotenoid β-carotene. Thus, the objectives of this study were to increase the β-carotene concentration in UMI1200 and UMI1230 and generate the β-carotene enriched hybrids through marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). For this purpose, the maize genotype HP467-15 was used as the donor for transferring the β-carotene gene, , into UMI1200 and UMI1230. In the MABB scheme, we used one gene-specific marker ( 3'TE) and 214 simples sequence repeat (SSR) markers for foreground and background selection, respectively. As a result, six improved lines with recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) ranging from 90.24 to 92.42%, along with good agronomic performance, were generated. The β-carotene concentration of the improved lines ranged from 7.056 to 9.232 μg/g. Furthermore, five hybrid combinations were generated using improved lines and evaluated in a comparative yield trial (CYT) and multi-location trials (MLT) along with the original hybrid CO6 and commercial hybrids. It was revealed that ACM-M13-002 was a superior hybrid with a 7.3-fold increase in β-carotene concentration and with a comparable yield to CO6. In summary, the improved maize inbreds can be used as possible donors for the development of β-carotene-rich cultivars in maize breeding programs and the β-carotene enriched hybrid developed in this study will hold great promise for food and nutritional security.
维生素A缺乏症（VAD）是一个全球性的健康问题；世界各地许多人，尤其是儿童和孕妇，都存在维生素A缺乏或不足的情况。玉米是人类维生素A原的重要来源。因此，通过育种或生物强化提高玉米品种中的维生素A原类胡萝卜素（pVAC）含量，是缓解发展中国家尤其是印度维生素A缺乏症的一个不错选择。到目前为止，印度已经培育出了许多玉米杂交种。其中，由UMI1200×UMI1230培育而来的CO6是一个受欢迎的玉米杂交种，适合印度不同的农业气候区，特别是印度南部的泰米尔纳德邦。然而，CO6缺乏pVAC类胡萝卜素β-胡萝卜素。因此，本研究的目的是提高UMI1200和UMI1230中的β-胡萝卜素含量，并通过标记辅助回交育种（MABB）培育出富含β-胡萝卜素的杂交种。为此，玉米基因型HP467-15被用作供体，将β-胡萝卜素基因导入UMI1200和UMI1230。在MABB方案中，我们分别使用一个基因特异性标记（3'TE）和214个简单序列重复（SSR）标记进行前景选择和背景选择。结果，产生了六个改良系，其轮回亲本基因组恢复率（RPGR）在90.24%至92.42%之间，同时具有良好的农艺性能。改良系的β-胡萝卜素含量在7.056至9.232μg/g之间。此外，利用改良系产生了五个杂交组合，并与原始杂交种CO6和商业杂交种一起在比较产量试验（CYT）和多点试验（MLT）中进行了评估。结果表明，ACM-M13-002是一个优良杂交种，其β-胡萝卜素含量增加了7.3倍，产量与CO6相当。总之,改良的玉米自交系可作为玉米育种计划中开发富含β-胡萝卜素品种的潜在供体，本研究中培育出的富含β-胡萝卜素的杂交种在粮食和营养安全方面将具有巨大潜力。
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