Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38402-020, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-900, Brazil.
J Plant Res. 2021 Jan;134(1):105-114. doi: 10.1007/s10265-020-01236-6. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
Ploidy level and genome size (GS) could affect the invasive capacity of plants, although these parameters can be contradictory. While small GS seems to favor dispersion, polyploidy-which increases the GS-also seems to favor it. Using a phylogenetic path analysis, we evaluated the effects of both factors on the environmental tolerance and invasive success of plants. We selected 99 invasive plant species from public online databases and gathered information about invasive capacity (number of non-original countries in which each species occurs), tolerance to environmental factors, ploidy level, and GS. The invasive capacity varied depending on the ploidy level and tolerance to environmental factors. Polyploids and species with increased tolerance to elevated temperatures and rainfall values exhibited high invasive capacity. We found no evidence that GS affects the invasive capacity of plants. We suggest that the genetic variability provided by polyploidization has a positive impact on plant competitiveness, which may ultimately lead to an increased ability to colonize new environments. In a global warming scenario, integrative approaches using phenotypic, genetic, epigenetic, and ecological traits should be a productive route to unveil the aspects of invasive plants.
倍性水平和基因组大小（GS）可能会影响植物的入侵能力，尽管这些参数可能相互矛盾。虽然小的 GS 似乎有利于扩散，但多倍体化——增加了 GS——似乎也有利于扩散。我们使用系统发育路径分析评估了这两个因素对植物环境耐受性和入侵成功的影响。我们从公共在线数据库中选择了 99 种入侵植物物种，并收集了有关入侵能力（每种物种出现的非原始国家数量）、对环境因素的耐受性、倍性水平和 GS 的信息。入侵能力取决于倍性水平和对环境因素的耐受性。多倍体和对高温和降雨量值增加的耐受性的物种表现出高的入侵能力。我们没有发现 GS 影响植物入侵能力的证据。我们认为，多倍体化提供的遗传变异性对植物竞争力有积极影响，这可能最终导致植物有能力在新环境中定居。在全球变暖的情况下，使用表型、遗传、表观遗传和生态特征的综合方法应该是揭示入侵植物特征的有效途径。
