Graja Ahmed, Ghattassi Kais, Boudhina Nahla, Bouzid Mohamed Amine, Chahed Henda, Ferchichi Salyma, Driss Tarak, Souissi Nizar, Hammouda Omar
Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; High institute of sport and physical education, Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia.
Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Physiol Behav. 2021 Feb 1;229:113241. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113241. Epub 2020 Nov 4.
The present study aimed to assess the effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RF) on cognitive and physical performance and biochemical responses to specific exercises in elite young female handball players. Twelve athletes participated in three experimental sessions: one week before Ramadan (BR), during the first week of Ramadan (FWR) and during the last week of Ramadan (LWR). The present crossover study was carried out in Tunisia during the 2013 Ramadan month lasting from 9 July to 7 august. During each session, a battery of tests was performed as follow: Hooper index, vigilance test (VT), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), five jump test (5-JT), modified agility T-test (MAT), maximal standing ball-throw velocity test (MSBVT) and Running-based Anaerobic Sprint (RAST) Test. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded immediately after the RAST. Blood samples were collected before and after exercises during each session. The results showed that ESS scores were higher during LWR than BR (p < 0.05). Moreover, MSBVT time decreased (p < 0.05) during LWR, therefore performance enhanced. The power of three final sprints from the RAST decreased significantly only during LWR compared to BR (p < 0.05). RAST fatigue index and RPE scores were higher during LWR more than BR (p < 0.05). The results showed also that hematological measures (i.e., red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit), plasma osmolarity and energetic markers were unaffected by RF. Biomarkers of muscle damage were higher after the RAST only during LWR compared to BR (p < 0.01 for all). In conclusion, RF increased ESS and decreased RAST performances associated with higher muscle damage and fatigue, especially at LWR. These previous alterations could be attributed to disturbances of sleep and circadian rhythms rather than nutritional deficiency or dehydratation.
本研究旨在评估斋月间歇性禁食（RF）对精英年轻女子手球运动员认知和身体机能以及特定运动生化反应的影响。12名运动员参加了三个实验阶段：斋月前一周（BR）、斋月第一周（FWR）和斋月最后一周（LWR）。本交叉研究于2013年斋月期间在突尼斯进行，斋月从7月9日持续至8月7日。在每个阶段，进行了一系列测试，如下所示：胡珀指数、警觉性测试（VT）、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表（ESS）、五次跳跃测试（5-JT）、改良敏捷T测试（MAT）、最大站立投球速度测试（MSBVT）和基于跑步的无氧冲刺（RAST）测试。在RAST测试后立即记录主观用力感觉等级（RPE）。在每个阶段的运动前后采集血样。结果显示，LWR期间的ESS评分高于BR（p<0.05）。此外，LWR期间MSBVT时间缩短（p<0.05），因此成绩提高。与BR相比，仅在LWR期间RAST最后三次冲刺的功率显著下降（p<0.05）。LWR期间RAST疲劳指数和RPE评分高于BR（p<0.05）。结果还表明，血液学指标（即红细胞、血红蛋白和血细胞比容）、血浆渗透压和能量标志物不受RF影响。与BR相比，仅在LWR期间RAST测试后肌肉损伤生物标志物更高（所有指标p<0.01）。总之，RF增加了ESS并降低了与更高肌肉损伤和疲劳相关的RAST成绩，尤其是在LWR期间。这些先前的改变可能归因于睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱，而非营养缺乏或脱水。
