Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Res Vet Sci. 2021 Mar;135:404-411. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.10.024. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Several foodborne zoonotic trematodes of the family Opisthorchiidae have been reported to infect people, specifically two genera, Clonorchis and Opisthorchis. Three species Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis felineus and Opisthorchis viverrini are the most extensivley studied of the Opisthorchiidae. At least 680 million people worldwide are at risk of infection of these liver flukes through the consumption of raw or partially cooked freshwater cyprinid fish. An estimated 45 million people in Europe and Asia are currently infected with these liver flukes. Of these, the 35 million are infected with C. sinensis mainly in China, 10 million with O. viverrini in Southeast Asia, and 1.2 million with O. felineus in Eastern Europe and Russia. These liver flukes have been proven to be causative agents of bile duct cancer or cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). A multidisciplinary program should be implemented involving comprehensive research on molecular genetics, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, as well as educational and control programs should progressively be introduced and applied in endemic regions of O. viverrini, O. felineus and C. sinensis throughout their ranges, hence, opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis free communities can be realised globally.
已报道有几种食源性动物源性吸虫科（Opisthorchiidae）寄生虫感染人类，特别是两个属，即华支睾吸虫（Clonorchis）和并殖吸虫（Opisthorchis）。在吸虫科中，华支睾吸虫（Clonorchis sinensis）、猫后睾吸虫（Opisthorchis felineus）和麝猫后睾吸虫（Opisthorchis viverrini）这三个种是研究最多的。全世界至少有 6.8 亿人面临通过食用生的或未煮熟的淡水鲤科鱼类而感染这些肝吸虫的风险。估计在欧洲和亚洲有 4500 万人目前受到这些肝吸虫的感染。其中，3500 万人感染了华支睾吸虫，主要在中国；1000 万人感染了麝猫后睾吸虫，主要在东南亚；120 万人感染了猫后睾吸虫，主要在东欧和俄罗斯。这些肝吸虫已被证实是胆管癌或胆管癌（CCA）的病原体。应实施一项多学科方案，涉及分子遗传学、诊断、治疗、预防的综合研究，以及教育和控制方案应在麝猫后睾吸虫、猫后睾吸虫和华支睾吸虫的流行地区逐步推出和应用，从而在全球范围内实现无华支睾吸虫和无并殖吸虫的社区。
