Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological Processes, Institute of Cytology and Genetics (ICG), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 10 Akad. Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Parasitology. 2022 Sep;149(10):1306-1318. doi: 10.1017/S0031182022000397. Epub 2022 May 16.
The foodborne liver trematode (Rivolta, 1884) is a member of the triad of phylogenetically related epidemiologically important Opisthorchiidae trematodes, which also includes (Poirier, 1886) and s (Loos, 1907). Despite similarity in the life cycle, Opisthorchiidae liver flukes also have marked differences. Two species ( and ) are recognized as Group 1A biological carcinogens, whereas belongs to Group 3A. In this review, we focus on these questions: Are there actual differences in carcinogenicity among these 3 liver fluke species? Is there an explanation for these differences? We provide a recent update of our knowledge on the liver fluke and highlight its differences from and . In particular, we concentrate on differences in the climate of endemic areas, characteristics of the life cycle, the range of intermediate hosts, genomic and transcriptomic features of the pathogens, and clinical symptoms and morbidity of the infections in humans. The discussion of these questions can stimulate new developments in comparative studies on the pathogenicity of liver flukes and should help to identify species-specific features of opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis pathogenesis.
食源性肝吸虫（Rivolta，1884）是在进化上相关的具有流行病学重要性的片形科吸虫的三联体成员，其中还包括 （Poirier，1886）和 s（Loos，1907）。尽管生命周期相似，但片形科肝吸虫也有明显的差异。两种物种（ 和 ）被认为是第 1A 组生物致癌物质，而 则属于第 3A 组。在这篇综述中，我们关注以下问题：这 3 种肝吸虫在致癌性方面是否存在实际差异？这些差异是否有解释？我们提供了对肝吸虫的最新了解，并强调了它与 和 的区别。特别是，我们集中讨论了流行地区气候、生命周期特征、中间宿主范围、病原体的基因组和转录组特征以及人类感染的临床症状和发病率的差异。对这些问题的讨论可以激发对肝吸虫致病性的比较研究的新发展，并有助于确定肝吸虫病和肝吸虫病发病机制的种特异性特征。
