Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.
Department of Physics, UNESP-São Paulo State University, School of Sciences, Bauru, Brazil.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2020 Nov 7;31(11):109. doi: 10.1007/s10856-020-06437-y.
Novel-biofunctionalized surfaces are required to improve the performance of endosseous implants, which are mainly related to the resistance against biocorrosion, as well as for the consideration of osteoinductive phenomena. Among different strategies, the use of bisphosphonate molecules as linkers between titanium dioxide (TiO) surfaces and proteins is a distinctive approach, one in which bisphosphonate could play a role in the osseointegration. Thus, to address this issue, we proposed a novel biofunctionalization of TiO surfaces using sodium alendronate (ALN) as a linker and bovine serum albumin as the protein. Physicochemical analysis of the functionalized surfaces was performed using contact angle analyses and surface roughness measurements, which indicated an efficient functionalization. The biocompatibility of the functionalized surfaces was analyzed through the adhesion behavior of the pre-osteoblasts onto the samples. Overall, our data showed a significant improvement concerning the cell adhesion by modulating the adhesion cell-related set of genes. The obtained results show that for modified surfaces there is an increase of up to 100 times in the percentage of cells adhered when compared to the control, besides the extracellular matrix remodeling seemed to be an essential prerequisite for the early stages of cell adhesion on to the biomaterials, which was assayed by evaluating the matrix metalloproteinase activities as well as the gene activations. In the expressions of the Bsp and Bglap2 genes, for the group containing ALN (TiO + ALN), it was observed an increase in expression (approximately sixfold change) when compared to the control. Altogether, our data clearly showed that the bisphosphonate-biofunctionalized surface enhanced the biocompatibility of titanium and claims to further progress preclinical in vivo experimentation.
新型生物功能化表面需要改进骨内植入物的性能，这主要与抗生物腐蚀性以及考虑成骨诱导现象有关。在不同的策略中，使用双膦酸盐分子作为二氧化钛 (TiO) 表面和蛋白质之间的连接物是一种独特的方法，其中双膦酸盐可以在骨整合中发挥作用。因此，为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种新型的 TiO 表面生物功能化方法，使用阿仑膦酸钠 (ALN) 作为连接物，牛血清白蛋白作为蛋白质。通过接触角分析和表面粗糙度测量对功能化表面进行了物理化学分析，结果表明功能化效率很高。通过分析前成骨细胞在样品上的粘附行为来分析功能化表面的生物相容性。总的来说，我们的数据表明，通过调节与细胞粘附相关的基因集，细胞粘附得到了显著改善。获得的结果表明，与对照相比，改性表面上粘附的细胞百分比增加了 100 倍，此外，细胞外基质重塑似乎是细胞早期粘附到生物材料的必要前提，这可以通过评估基质金属蛋白酶活性以及基因激活来测定。在 Bsp 和 Bglap2 基因的表达中，对于含有 ALN（TiO+ALN）的组，与对照组相比，其表达增加（约六倍变化）。总的来说，我们的数据清楚地表明，双膦酸盐生物功能化表面提高了钛的生物相容性，并有望进一步推进临床前体内实验。
