Langner Joanna L, Black Marianne S, MacKay James W, Hall Kimberly E, Safran Marc R, Kogan Feliks, Gold Garry E
Department of Radiology.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.
J Hip Preserv Surg. 2020 Mar 26;7(2):233-241. doi: 10.1093/jhps/hnaa009. eCollection 2020 Jul.
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a disorder that causes hip pain and disability in young patients, particularly athletes. Increased stress on the hip during development has been associated with increased risk of cam morphology. The specific forces involved are unclear, but may be due to continued rotational motion, like the eggbeater kick. The goal of this prospective cohort study was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify the prevalence of FAI anatomy in athletes who tread water and compare it to the literature on other sports. With university IRB approval, 20 Division 1 water polo players and synchronized swimmers (15 female, 5 male), ages 18-23 years (mean age 20.7 ± 1.4), completed the 33-item International Hip Outcome Tool and underwent non-contrast MRI scans of both hips using a 3 Tesla scanner. Recruitment was based on sport, with both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals included. Cam and pincer morphology were identified. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank/Rank Sum tests were used to assess outcomes. Seventy per cent (14/20) of subjects reported pain in their hips yet only 15% (3/20) sought clinical evaluation. Cam morphology was present in 67.5% (27/40) of hips, while 22.5% (9/40) demonstrated pincer morphology. The prevalence of cam morphology in water polo players and synchronized swimmers is greater than that reported for the general population and at a similar level as some other sports. From a clinical perspective, acknowledgment of the high prevalence of cam morphology in water polo players and synchronized swimmers should be considered when these athletes present with hip pain.
股骨髋臼撞击症（FAI）是一种导致年轻患者，尤其是运动员出现髋关节疼痛和功能障碍的病症。发育过程中髋关节承受的压力增加与凸轮形态风险增加有关。具体涉及的力尚不清楚，但可能是由于持续的旋转运动，如打蛋器踢腿动作。这项前瞻性队列研究的目的是使用磁共振成像（MRI）确定踩水运动员中FAI解剖结构的患病率，并将其与其他运动项目的文献进行比较。经大学机构审查委员会批准，20名一级水球运动员和花样游泳运动员（15名女性，5名男性），年龄在18至23岁之间（平均年龄20.7±1.4岁），完成了33项国际髋关节结果工具评估，并使用3特斯拉扫描仪对双侧髋关节进行了非增强MRI扫描。招募基于运动项目，包括有症状和无症状的个体。确定了凸轮和钳夹形态。使用Wilcoxon符号秩/秩和检验来评估结果。70%（14/20）的受试者报告髋关节疼痛，但只有15%（3/20）寻求临床评估。67.5%（27/40）的髋关节存在凸轮形态，而22.5%（9/40）表现为钳夹形态。水球运动员和花样游泳运动员中凸轮形态的患病率高于一般人群的报告患病率，与其他一些运动项目的患病率处于相似水平。从临床角度来看，当这些运动员出现髋关节疼痛时，应考虑到水球运动员和花样游泳运动员中凸轮形态的高患病率。
