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肯尼亚内罗毕的一项 HIV 治疗和预防项目中,10 年间女性性工作者的 HIV 流行率下降。

Declines in HIV prevalence in female sex workers accessing an HIV treatment and prevention programme in Nairobi, Kenya over a 10-year period.

机构信息

Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

出版信息

AIDS. 2021 Feb 2;35(2):317-324. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002747.

DOI:10.1097/QAD.0000000000002747
PMID:33165030
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Empirical time trends in HIV prevalence in female sex workers (FSWs) are helpful to understand the evolving HIV epidemic, and to monitor the scale-up, coverage, and impact of ongoing HIV prevention and treatment programmes.

DESIGN

Serial HIV prevalence study.

METHODS

We analyzed time trends in HIV prevalence in FSWs accessing services at seven Sex Worker Outreach Programme (SWOP) clinics in Nairobi from 2008 to 2017 (N = 33 560). The Mantel--Haenszel test for trend and independent samples Kruskal--Wallis test were used to analyze categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Multivariable binomial regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios/year, adjusting for several covariates.

RESULTS

HIV prevalence decreased over time in all age groups. This was particularly evident among FSWs less than 25 years of age; HIV was 17.5% in 2008-2009, decreasing to 12.2% in 2010-2011, 8.3% in 2012-2013, 7.3% in 2014-2015, and 4.8% in 2016-2017 (P < 0.0001). Over time, FSWs reported increased condom use, particularly with regular partners, more frequent prior HIV testing, and were less likely to report a history of vaginal discharge (P < 0.0001). In adjusted analyses compared with 2008, HIV prevalence decreased in 2011 (aPR 0.64; 95% CI: 0.46-0.90), 2012 (aPR 0.58; 95% CI: 0.41-0.81), 2013 (aPR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.38-0.73), 2014 (aPR 0.48; 95% CI: 0.34-0.67), 2015 (aPR 0.50; 95% CI: 0.35-0.70), 2016 (aPR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.28-0.57), and 2017 (aPR 0.33; 95% CI: 0.22-0.50).

CONCLUSION

HIV prevalence has decreased among FSW accessing SWOP in Nairobi, Kenya. This decline is consistent with the scale-up of HIV prevention and treatment efforts, both in FSWs and in the general population.

摘要

目的

了解女性性工作者(FSW)中艾滋病毒流行率的实证时间趋势有助于了解艾滋病毒不断演变的流行情况,并监测正在进行的艾滋病毒预防和治疗方案的扩大、覆盖范围和影响。

设计

系列艾滋病毒流行率研究。

方法

我们分析了 2008 年至 2017 年在内罗毕 7 个性工作者外展方案(SWOP)诊所接受服务的 FSW 中艾滋病毒流行率的时间趋势(N=33560)。Mantel-Haenszel 趋势检验和独立样本 Kruskal-Wallis 检验分别用于分析分类和连续变量。多变量二项式回归用于估计流行率比/年,并调整了几个协变量。

结果

所有年龄组的艾滋病毒流行率随时间下降。这在年龄小于 25 岁的 FSW 中尤为明显;2008-2009 年艾滋病毒流行率为 17.5%,2010-2011 年下降至 12.2%,2012-2013 年下降至 8.3%,2014-2015 年下降至 7.3%,2016-2017 年下降至 4.8%(P<0.0001)。随着时间的推移,FSW 报告说避孕套使用率增加,特别是与固定伴侣,更频繁地进行了先前的艾滋病毒检测,不太可能报告阴道分泌物史(P<0.0001)。与 2008 年相比,调整分析表明 2011 年艾滋病毒流行率下降(aPR 0.64;95%CI:0.46-0.90),2012 年下降(aPR 0.58;95%CI:0.41-0.81),2013 年下降(aPR 0.53;95%CI:0.38-0.73),2014 年下降(aPR 0.48;95%CI:0.34-0.67),2015 年下降(aPR 0.50;95%CI:0.35-0.70),2016 年下降(aPR 0.40;95%CI:0.28-0.57),2017 年下降(aPR 0.33;95%CI:0.22-0.50)。

结论

在内罗毕接受 SWOP 服务的 FSW 中,艾滋病毒流行率有所下降。这一下降与艾滋病毒预防和治疗工作的扩大相一致,无论是在 FSW 中还是在一般人群中。

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