Chow Stephanie, Berek Jonathan S, Dorigo Oliver
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford Women's Cancer Center, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Nov 5;8(4):657. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8040657.
Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest of all gynecologic malignancies. Our expanding knowledge of ovarian cancer immunology has allowed the development of therapies that generate systemic anti-tumor immune responses. Current immunotherapeutic strategies include immune checkpoint blockade, cellular therapies, and cancer vaccines. Vaccine-based therapies are designed to induce both adaptive and innate immune responses directed against ovarian cancer associated antigens. Tumor-specific effector cells, in particular cytotoxic T cells, are activated to recognize and eliminate ovarian cancer cells. Vaccines for ovarian cancer have been studied in various clinical trials over the last three decades. Despite evidence of vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses, the majority of vaccines have not shown significant anti-tumor efficacy. Recently, improved vaccine development using dendritic cells or synthetic platforms for antigen presentation have shown promising clinical benefits in patients with ovarian cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of therapeutic vaccine development in ovarian cancer, discuss proposed mechanisms of action, and summarize the current clinical experience.
卵巢癌仍然是所有妇科恶性肿瘤中致死率最高的。我们对卵巢癌免疫学的不断了解使得能够开发出产生全身性抗肿瘤免疫反应的疗法。当前的免疫治疗策略包括免疫检查点阻断、细胞疗法和癌症疫苗。基于疫苗的疗法旨在诱导针对卵巢癌相关抗原的适应性和先天性免疫反应。肿瘤特异性效应细胞，特别是细胞毒性T细胞，被激活以识别和消除卵巢癌细胞。在过去三十年中，针对卵巢癌的疫苗已在各种临床试验中进行了研究。尽管有证据表明疫苗可诱导体液和细胞免疫反应，但大多数疫苗并未显示出显著的抗肿瘤疗效。最近，使用树突状细胞或合成平台进行抗原呈递的改进疫苗开发在卵巢癌患者中显示出了有前景的临床益处。在本综述中，我们概述了卵巢癌治疗性疫苗的开发，讨论了其 proposed 作用机制，并总结了当前的临床经验。 （注：“proposed”此处翻译为“提出的”，感觉放在这里语境不是特别准确，原英文文本可能有误，推测可能是“proposed”，但按要求准确翻译了）
