西班牙轻度 COVID-19 患者嗅觉和味觉障碍的主观评估。
Subjective evaluation of smell and taste dysfunction in patients with mild COVID-19 in Spain.
机构信息
Task Force COVID-19 of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS); Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España.
Task Force COVID-19 of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS); Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España.
出版信息
Med Clin (Barc). 2021 Jan 22;156(2):61-64. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.08.004. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
BACKGROUND
Has been described the loss of smell and taste as onset symptoms in SARS-CoV-2. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence in Spain.
METHODS
Prospective study of COVID-19 confirmed patients through RT-PCR in Spain. Patients completed olfactory and gustatory questionnaires.
RESULTS
A total of 1043 patients with mild COVID-19 disease. The mean age was 39±12 years. 826 patients (79.2%) described smell disorder, 662 (63.4%) as a total loss and 164 (15.7%) partial. 718 patients (68.8%) noticed some grade of taste dysfunction. There was a significant association between both disorders (p<.001). The olfactory dysfunction was the first symptom in 17.1%. The sQOD-NS scores were significantly lower in patients with a total loss compare to normosmic or hyposmic individuals (p=.001). Female were significantly more affected by olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions (p<.001). The early olfactory recover in 462 clinically cured patients was 315 (68.2%), during the first 4 weeks.
CONCLUSION
The sudden onset smell and/or taste dysfunction should be considered highly suspicious for COVID-19 infection.
背景
已将嗅觉和味觉丧失描述为 SARS-CoV-2 的发病症状。本研究的目的是调查西班牙的流行情况。
方法
通过西班牙的 RT-PCR 对 COVID-19 确诊患者进行前瞻性研究。患者完成嗅觉和味觉问卷。
结果
共纳入 1043 例轻度 COVID-19 患者。平均年龄为 39±12 岁。826 例（79.2%）患者描述嗅觉障碍，662 例（63.4%）为完全丧失，164 例（15.7%）为部分丧失。718 例（68.8%）患者注意到某种程度的味觉功能障碍。两种障碍之间存在显著相关性（p<.001）。嗅觉障碍是 17.1%患者的首发症状。与正常嗅觉或嗅觉减退的个体相比，完全丧失嗅觉的患者 sQOD-NS 评分显著较低（p=.001）。女性受嗅觉和味觉障碍影响更为显著（p<.001）。462 例临床治愈患者中，4 周内有 315 例（68.2%）嗅觉早期恢复。
结论
突然出现的嗅觉和/或味觉功能障碍应高度怀疑 COVID-19 感染。
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