Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore; Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
Chemosphere. 2021 Apr;268:128836. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128836. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
In this study, a single-stage ceramic membrane moving bed biofilm reactor (CMMBBR) was developed for simultaneous COD and nitrogen removal, while its effluent was further reclaimed to ultra-clean water by a coupled reverse osmosis (RO) unit. Results showed that approximately 97% of COD and 93% of total nitrogen (TN) removal were obtained in CMMBBR, with the effluent COD and TN concentrations being 8.15 mg/L and 2.31 mg/L, respectively. The excellent performance of CMMBBR was achieved at a constant permeate flux of 30 L/m/h (LMH), with the average dTMP/dt of 0.05 bar/d due to the low suspended sludge concentration (i.e. 75 mg VSS/L) and the effective membrane scouring by fluidized biocarriers. The excellent permeate quality of CMMBBR could lead to a very low RO fouling rate of 0.029 bar/d, with the product water quality meeting typical NEWater standards in major ions concerned. In addition, the energy and cost analyses further indicated that the proposed CMMBBR-RO process could reduce 43.8% of energy consumption and 23.5% of operating cost compared to the current NEWater production process. It is expected that the integrated CMMBBR-RO process could provide a promising alternative for municipal wastewater reclamation to high-grade product water towards minimized sludge production and energy-efficient operation.
在这项研究中，开发了一种单级陶瓷膜移动床生物膜反应器（CMMBBR），用于同时去除 COD 和氮，同时通过耦合反渗透（RO）单元将其出水进一步回收为超纯水。结果表明，CMMBBR 可获得约 97%的 COD 和 93%的总氮（TN）去除率，出水 COD 和 TN 浓度分别为 8.15 mg/L 和 2.31 mg/L。CMMBBR 在恒定的渗透通量为 30 L/m/h（LMH）下表现出优异的性能，由于悬浮污泥浓度低（即 75 mg VSS/L）和流化生物载体有效清洗膜，平均 dTMP/dt 为 0.05 bar/d。CMMBBR 出色的渗透水质可导致非常低的 RO 污染速率为 0.029 bar/d，产品水质符合主要离子的典型 NEWater 标准。此外，能源和成本分析进一步表明，与当前的 NEWater 生产工艺相比，所提出的 CMMBBR-RO 工艺可减少 43.8%的能源消耗和 23.5%的运行成本。预计集成的 CMMBBR-RO 工艺可为市政废水回收提供一种有前途的替代方案，可生产高质量的产品水，同时最大限度地减少污泥产量和实现节能运行。
