Ulewicz Malgorzata, Radzyminska-Lenarcik Elzbieta
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69 Street, PL 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland.
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, PL 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Membranes (Basel). 2020 Nov 6;10(11):331. doi: 10.3390/membranes10110331.
Currently, a lot of attention is paid to polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs). Their particular advantages include effective support fixation, easy preparation, versatility, stability, good mechanical properties and good chemical resistance. The paper presents a review of the literature related to the applications of polymer inclusion membranes containing alkylimidazole derivatives as carriers in the processes of transporting ions of heavy and toxic metals, such as Zn(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Mn(II). It has been proven that alkylimidazoles exhibit varying complex-forming properties towards metal ions, and that their properties (hydrophobic and alkaline) can be modified easily by changing the size of the alkyl group and its position in the imidazole ring, which allows obtaining efficiently working metal ion carriers. The stability of an imidazole derivative-metal ion complex determines the speed and selectivity of the process of transporting metal ions across polymer inclusion membranes. Also, the morphological structure of polymer inclusion membranes impacts the efficiency of the process involving the release and separation of metal ions.
目前，聚合物包合物膜（PIMs）受到了广泛关注。它们的独特优势包括有效的载体固定、易于制备、多功能性、稳定性、良好的机械性能和良好的耐化学性。本文综述了有关以烷基咪唑衍生物为载体的聚合物包合物膜在运输重金属和有毒金属离子（如Zn(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Co(II)、Ni(II)和Mn(II)）过程中的应用的文献。已证明烷基咪唑对金属离子表现出不同的络合形成特性，并且通过改变烷基的大小及其在咪唑环中的位置，可以轻松改变其性质（疏水性和碱性），从而获得高效工作的金属离子载体。咪唑衍生物 - 金属离子络合物的稳定性决定了金属离子跨聚合物包合物膜运输过程的速度和选择性。此外，聚合物包合物膜的形态结构会影响涉及金属离子释放和分离过程的效率。
